问题 问答题 简答题

简述消息、信息与信号有何区别和联系。

答案

参考答案:

(1)消息是信息的物理表现形式,如语音、文字、图片和数据等。 

(2)信息是消息的内涵。 

(3)信号是消息或信息的传输载体。 

(4)一个通信系统主要包括信源,发送设备,传输媒质(信道),接收设备,信宿 

(5)信息在传送之前必须先转化成电(或光)信号。信号可以是模拟的(连续值),也可以是数字的(离散值)

阅读理解

It was midnight in Paris and we were rolling toward Avenue Bosguet. As we came to the Pont Alexandra Ⅲ, the taxi slowed down, for the traffic light was red against us, and then, without stopping, we sailed through the red in a sudden burst of speed. The same performance was repeated at the Alma Bridge. As I paid the driver, I asked him why he had driven through two red lights.

“You ought to be ashamed of yourself, breaking the law and endangering your life that way.” I protested.

He looked at me, astonished, “Ashamed of myself? I am a law abiding(守法的) citizen and have no desire to get killed either.” He cut me off before I could protest.

“No, just listen to me before you complain. What did I do? Went through a red light. Well, did you ever stop to consider what a red light is? What it means?”

“Certainly,”I replied. “It’s a stop signal and means the traffic is rolling in the opposite direction.”

“Half-right,”said the driver, “But incomplete. It’s only an automatic(自动的) stop signal. And it does not mean that there is cross traffic. Did you see any cross traffic during our trip? Of course not. I slowed down at the light, looked carefully to the right and to the left. Not another car on the street at this hour. Well, then! What would you have me do? Should I stop like a stupid animal because an automatic, brainless machine turns red every forty seconds? No, sir,”he shouted, “I am a man, not a machine. I have eyes and a brain and judgment, given me by God. Ashamed of myself, you say? I would only be ashamed of myself if I let those blinking lamps do my thinking for me. Good night,sir.”

小题1:At the Alma Bridge,__________.

A.the writer stopped the taxi and aid the driver

B.the taxi went through a red light again

C.there was a performance the writer had already watched

D.the writer began to criticize the driver小题2:To the taxi driver, a red light__________.

A.was not a stop signal

B.should not work at midnight

C.sometimes made mistakes in judgment

D.didn’t always mean that there was cross traffic小题3:The main reason the driver dared to drive through the red light was that________________.

A.he found there was no cross traffic there at that time

B.he thought it a shame to be controlled by a machine

C.he knew no other driver would see him at this hour

D.he didn’t trust any brainless machine小题4:According to the passage, the driver thought of what he had done was____________.

A.law abiding

B.law breaking

C.something to be proud of

D.something to be ashamed of

问答题 案例分析题

(一) 阅读鲁迅《灯下漫笔》中的一段文字,然后回答下列小题。 任凭你爱排场的学者们怎样铺张,修史时候设些什么“汉族发祥时代”“汉族发达时代”“汉族中兴时代”的好题目,好意诚然是可感的,但措辞太绕湾子了。有更其直捷了当的说法在这里——  

一、想做奴隶而不得的时代;

二、暂时做稳了奴隶的时代。

这一种循环,也就是“先儒”之所谓“一治一乱”;那些作乱人物,从后日的“臣民”看来,是给“主子”清道辟路的,所以说:“为圣天子驱除云尔。” 现在入了那一时代,我也不了然。但看国学家的崇奉国粹,文学家的赞叹固有文明,道学家的热心复古,可见于现状都已不满了。然而我们究竟正向着那一条路走 呢?百姓是一遇到莫名其妙的战争,稍富的迁进租界,妇孺则避入教堂里去了,因为那些地方都比较的“稳”,暂不至于想做奴隶而不得。总而言之,复古的,避难 的,无智愚贤不肖,似乎都已神往于三百年前的太平盛世,就是“暂时做稳了奴隶的时代了”。但我们也就都像古人一样,永久满足于“古已有之”的时代么?都像复古家一样,不满于现在,就神往于三百年前的太平盛世么? 自然,也不满于现在的,但是,无须反顾,因为前面还有道路在,而创造这中国历史上未曾有过的第三样时代,则是现在的青年的使命。

“中国历史上未曾有过的第三样时代”指的是什么时代?