问题 填空题

在心理学研究中,目前最流行的定性方法有文献综合法和().

答案

参考答案:个案分析法

问答题

某同学在探究物体弹性碰撞的特点时,先提出了如下假设:①两个物体碰撞前后各自的质量与自己的速度的乘积之和是不变的;②两个物体碰撞前后各自的质量与自己速度的二次方的乘积之和是不变的.为了验证这个假设,该同学设计了如图1所示的实验装置.先将弹性a球从斜槽轨道上某固定点处由静止开始滚下,在水平地面上的记录纸上留下压痕,重复10次;再把同样尺寸大小的弹性b球放在斜槽轨道末端水平段的最右端附近静止,让a球仍从原固定点由静止开始滚下,和b球相碰后,两球分别落在记录纸的不同位置处,重复10次.

(1)在安装斜槽轨道时,要注意______.选择弹性小球a、b时,小球a、b的质量ma、mb应该满足关系:ma______mb(填“>”或“=”或“<”),理由是______.

(2)本实验必须测量的物理量有以下哪些______.

A.斜槽轨道末端到水平地面的高度H

B.小球a、b的质量ma、mb

C.小球a、b的半径r

D.小球a、b 离开斜槽轨道末端后平抛飞行时间t

E.记录纸上O点到A、B、C各点的距离SOA、SOB、SOC

F.a球的固定释放点到斜槽轨道末端水平部分间的高度差h

(3)该同学设计了一个实验数据表格,见表一.从表中可以看出,有些物理量并非实验中直接测出的,请你将表中不能直接测出的物理量换成能直接测出的物理量,而不影响实验探究的目的,并将结果对应填在表二中.

表一:

碰撞前碰撞后
质量mamamb
速度vav’av’b
mvmavamav’a+mbv’b
mv2mav2amav’2a+mbv’2b
表二:

碰撞前碰撞后
质量
速度
mv
mv2
(4)为测定未放被碰小球时,小球a落点的平均位置,把刻度尺的零刻线跟记录纸上的O点对齐,图2给出了小球a落点附近的情况,由图可得OB距离应为______cm.

(5)该同学通过对实验数据的分析和处理验证了他的假设,这就表明物体在弹性碰撞中有两个物理量是守恒的,这两个物理量分别是______、______.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Education is an expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety. Differences in

American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that

education here has long been intended for everyone. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every

child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more

than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such

courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional

academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages.  Students choose their courses

depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The basic goal of American education is to

develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of

community.

     Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and "Americanizing" the

millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.

Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.

     The teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is

not much emphasis on learning facts.  Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time learning how to use

materials, libraries, statistics, and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well

and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives.

Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation (积累) of facts.

     This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking

themselves in the fast-moving time, "How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can

neither predict nor understand?"  

1. The underlined words "reason well" probably means _____

A. persuade firmly          

B. list the reasons clearly

C. think logically            

D. conclude immediately

2. It is implied in the passage that _____. 

A. all high-school students take the same courses

B. every student must take practical ability training courses

C. every public school offers the same academic subjects

D. the subjects every student takes may vary

3. American schools place great emphasis on the learners' _____.

A. knowledge              

B. accumulation of facts

C. creativity                

D. ability to work with hands

4. What makes American education different from others'? 

A. The large number of schools.  

B. The variety of the courses.

C. Its consideration for immigrants.

D. The basic goal of the education.