问题 问答题 简答题

气体的来源及在铸锭中的存在形式

答案

参考答案:

①来源:大气中,氢的分压极其微小。可以认为,除了金属原料本身含有气体以外,金属熔体中的气体主要来源于与熔体接触的炉气以及熔剂、工具带入的水分和碳氢化合物等。炉料,金属炉料中一般都溶解有不少气体,表面有吸附的水分,电解金属上残留有电解质,特别是在潮湿季节或露天堆放时,炉料吸附的水分更多。炉气,非真空熔炼时,炉气是金属中气体的主要来源之一。耐火材料,其表面吸附有水分,停炉后残留炉渣及熔剂也能吸附水分。熔剂,许多熔剂都含有结晶水,精炼用气体中也含有水分。操作工具,与熔体接触的操作工具表面吸附有水分,烘烤不彻底时,也会使金属吸气。②存在形式:固溶体,气体和其他元素一样,多以原子状态溶解于晶格内,形成固溶体;化合物,若气体与金属中某元素间的化学亲和力大于气体原子间的亲和力,则可与该元素形成化合物;气孔,超过溶解度的气体及不溶解的气体,则氦气体分子吸附于固体夹渣上,改以气孔形态存在。

完形填空

He lost his arms in an accident that caused the death of his father. Then his  36  became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years.   37   writing with his toes, he was completely unable to do anything in his life.
As the two brothers grew up together, they had their  38  of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother decided to  39  separate from him, living his own life as many  40  people do. So he was heart-broken and didn’t know what to do.
A   41  misfortune happened to a girl, too. One night she tried to   42  meals for her sick mother, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her   43  away.
Though her elder sister in another city  44  her willingness to take care of her, she was  45  to learn to be completely independent. At school, she  46  studied hard.
One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to   47   on a television interview program and asked to  48  something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote:My younger brother’s arms are my arms;  49  the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.
They had both  50  the same pain, but their different attitudes determined the nature of their lives. It is true that life is unpredictable(难以预料). Disasters can strike at   51   time. If you choose only to complain and  52  , it will always follow you   53  you go. But if you decide to be   54  , the hard moment will   55   to be one when new hopes will arise.
小题1:
A.older sisterB.uncleC.younger brotherD.mother
小题2:
A.Instead ofB.Except forC.Thanks toD.In spite of
小题3:
A.shareB.goalC.agreementD.enjoyment
小题4:
A.learnB.tellC.comeD.live
小题5:
A.richB.normalC.unluckyD.disabled
小题6:
A.differentB.strangeC.specialD.similar
小题7:
A.prepareB.offerC.haveD.order
小题8:
A.earsB.toesC.feetD.hands
小题9:
A.explainedB.showedC.pointedD.discussed
小题10:
A.satisfiedB.excitedC.determinedD.disappointed
小题11:
A.hardlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.sometimes
小题12:
A.singB.danceC.turnD.appear
小题13:
A.sayB.drawC.writeD.copy
小题14:
A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.unless
小题15:
A.hiddenB.sufferedC.discoveredD.overcome
小题16:
A.oneB.noC.anyD.this
小题17:
A.comfortB.discourageC.watchD.escape
小题18:
A.wheneverB.whereverC.ifD.because
小题19:
A.silentB.noisyC.weakD.strong
小题20:
A.turn outB.bring aboutC.come upD.give off
单项选择题 A3/A4型题