问题 选择题

中国古代若有民告官,在秦朝、汉朝、两宋应分别由谁先来授理

A.太尉、刺史、转运使

B.御史大夫、刺史、通判

C.丞相、三司使、军机处

D.御史大夫、州牧、节度使

答案

答案:B

题目分析:中国古代若有民告官,受理机构应是负责对百官进行监察的机构,联系所学知识可知,秦代负责监察百官的是御史大夫、汉代在地方负责监察官员的是刺史;两宋时期对地方进行监察的是通判,所以符合题意的应是御史大夫、刺史、通判。故此题应选B项。

点评:中国古代监察制度的演变及认识。

(1)演变:①秦朝设置御史大夫兼理全国监察事务。②汉武帝后期,把全国分为13个州,作为监察区,设刺史代表中央监察诸侯和地方高官。③东汉时期,刺史逐步增添了地方行 * * 和军权。④唐朝时期,唐太宗将全国分为10个道,作为监察区。⑤明朝在地方设置按察司,掌管地方的监察事务。

(2)认识:纵观中国古代社会,检察官在打击贪官污吏、澄清吏治、打击地方割据势力、维护中央集权、防止决策失误等方面发挥了积极作用。然而古代监察官是为皇权服务的。当一个王朝出现统治危机时,监察官就难以发挥作用,甚至会催生吏治的腐败。

完形填空

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。

小题1: When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.

The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.  小题2:  .

The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. 小题3:It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical care, and entertainment. 小题4:   

One this level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice. 小题5:  In this way, we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

A.Then a third level appeared.

B.Human wants seem endless.

C.When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.

D.There are several levels of wants in one’s life.E. At this stage, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure.

F. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.

G. Different people have different wants on each level.

多项选择题