问题 单项选择题

客房服务员应严格按照员工行走路线出入,乘员工专用心梯,使用()卫生间。

A、公共

B、员工指定

C、开放

D、非公共

答案

参考答案:B

问答题

书房的窗子


杨振声
①今天又想到了我那书房的窗子。说起窗子,那真是人类穴居之后一点灵机的闪耀才发明了它。它给你清风与明月,它给你晴日与碧空,它给你山光与水色,它使你安安静静地坐于窗前,欣赏着宇宙的一切。一句话,它打通你与天然的界限。
②窗子的功用,虽是到处一样,而窗子的方向,各人的嗜好却有不同。我独喜欢北窗。那就全是光的问题了。说到光,我有一致偏向,就是不喜欢强烈的光而喜欢清淡的光,不喜欢敞开的光而喜欢隐约的光,不喜欢直接的光而喜欢反射的光。就拿目光来说罢,我不爱中午的骄阳,而爱“晨光之熹微”与落日的古红。纵使光度一样,也觉得一片平原的光海,总不及山阴水曲间光线的隐翳,或枝叶扶疏的树阴下光波的流动。至于反光更比直光来得委婉。“残夜水明搂”,是那般的清虚可爱;而“明清照积雪”使你感到满目清晖。
③不错,特别是雪的反光,在太阳下是那样霸道,而在月光下却又这般温柔。其实,雪的反光在阴阴天宇下,也满有风趣。特别是新雪的早晨,你一醒来全不知道昨宵降了一夜的雪,只看从纸窗透进满室的虚白,便与平时不同,那白中透出银色的清晖,湿润而匀净,使屋子里平添一番恬静的滋味。披衣起床且不看雪,先掏开那尚未睡醒的炉子,那屋里顿然煦暖。然后再从容揭开窗帘一看,满目皓洁,庭前的枝枝都压垂到地角上了,望望天,还是阴阴的,那就准知道这一天你的屋子会比平常更幽静。
④至于拿月光与日光比,我当然更喜欢月光,在月光下,人是那般隐藏,天宇是那般的素净。现实的世界退缩了,想象的世界放大了。我们想象的放大,不也就是我们人格的放大放大到感染一切时,整个的世界也因而富有情思了。“疏影横斜水清浅,暗香浮动月黄昏”比之“晴雪梅花”更为空灵,更为生动,“无情有恨何人见,月亮风清欲坠时”比之“枝头春意”更富深情与幽思;而“宿妆残粉未明天,总立昭阳花树边”也比“水晶帘下看梳头”更动人怜惜之情。
⑤这里不止是光度的问题,而且是光度影响了态度。强烈的光使我们一切看得清楚,却不必使我们想得明透;使我们有行动的愉悦,却不必使我们有沉思的因缘;使我们像春草一般地向外发展,却不能使我们像夜幕合拢一般地向内收敛。强光太使我们与外物接近了,留不得一分想象的距离。而一切文艺的创造,决不是一些外界事物的堆拢,而是事物经过个性的熔冶、范铸出来的作物。强烈的光与一切强有力的东西一样,它压迫我们的个性。
⑥以此,我便爱上了北窗。南窗的光强,固不必说,就是东窗和西窗也不如北窗。北窗放进的光是那般清淡而隐约,反射而不直接。说到反光,当然便到了“窗子以外”了。我不敢想象窗外有什么明湖或青山的反光,那太奢望了。我只希望北窗外有一带古老的粉墙,最低限度地要老到透出点微黄的颜色;假如可能,古墙上生几片青翠的石斑。这墙不要去窗太近,太近则逼仄,使人心狭;也不要太远,太远便不成为窗子屏风;去窗一丈五尺左右便好。如此古墙上的光辉反射在窗下的桌上,润泽而淡白,不带一分逼人的霸气。这种清光绝不会侵凌你的幽静,也不会扰乱你的运思。
⑦假如,你嫌这样的光太朴素了些,那你就在墙边种上一行疏竹。有风,你可以欣赏它婆娑的舞容;有月,你可以欣赏窗上迷离的竹影;有雨,它给你平添一番清凄;有雪,那素洁,那清净,确是你清寂中的佳友。即使无月无风,无雨无雪,红日半墙,竹阴微动,掩映于你书桌上的清辉,泛出一片青翠,几纹波痕,那般的生动而空灵。你书桌上满写着清新的诗句,你坐在那儿,纵使不读书也“要得”。
(选自《品味人生》,湖南文艺出版社1992年版,有删改)

作者为什么说“疏影横斜水清浅,暗香浮动月黄昏”比之“晴雪梅花”更为空灵、更为生动请联系第④⑤段作简要分析。

单项选择题

In 1993, I published a book, The Rage of a Privileged Class, whose central thesis was that even the most gifted African-Americans assumed that they would never crash through America’s glass ceiling—no matter how talented, well educated, or hardworking they were. Few people of any race would claim that true equality has arrived; but so much has changed since Rage came out. Color is becoming less and less a burden; race is less and less an immovable barrier.

My new research explores how that phenomenon is changing the way people of all races view the American landscape. I polled two groups of especially accomplished people of color. One is the African-American alumni of Harvard Business School. The other is the alumni of A Better Chance, a program, founded in 1963, that sends ambitious, talented youngsters to some of the nation’s best secondary schools.

Generations, I concluded from my study, mattered deeply—with their defining characteristics rooted in America’s evolving racial dynamics. Generation 1, in this categorization, is the civil-rights generation—those (born before 1945) who participated in, or simply bore witness to, the defining 20th-century battle for racial equality. It is the generation of whites who, in large measure, saw blacks as alien beings and the generation of blacks who, for the most part, saw whites as irremediably prejudiced. Gen 2s (born between 1945 and 1969) were much less racially constrained—though they remained, in large measure, stuck in a tangle of racial stereotypes. Gen 3s (born between 1970 and 1995) saw race as less of a big deal. And that ability to see a person beyond color has cleared the way for a generation of Believers—blacks who fully accept that America means what it says when it promises to give them a shot.

That new reality made itself clear when I compared black Gen 1 Harvard M. B. A. s with their Gen 3 counterparts. Seventy-five percent of Gen 1s said blacks faced "a lot" of discrimination, compared with 49 percent of Gen 3s. Twenty-five percent of Gen 1s thought their educational attainments put them "on an equal professional footing with white peers or competitors with comparable educational credentials," compared with 62 percent of Gen 3s. Ninety-three percent of Gen 1s saw a glass ceiling at their current workplaces, compared with 46 percent of Gen 3s.

I am not about to make a statistical argument based on these numbers, but the message nonetheless seems clear. In the time since the Gen 1s came on the scene, a revolution has occurred. Those uptight suburbanites who couldn’t imagine socializing with, working for, or marrying a "Negro," who thought blacks existed in an altogether different dimension, who could no more see dining with a black person than dining with a giraffe, have slowly given way to a new generation that embraces—at least consciously—the concept of equality. Americans have, in some substantial way, re-created each other—to an extent that our predecessors might find astounding.

Conservative white people of Gen 1 used to think()

A. they could break through the glass ceiling if they worked hard

B. they were on an equal professional footing with black peers

C. white people who dined with black people were giraffes

D. the black people belonged to a different kind of animals