问题 问答题 简答题

为什么要采用加入稀释剂的方法来实现减压的目的?在裂解反应中,工业上采用水蒸汽作为稀释剂的优点是什么?

答案

参考答案:

这是因为:

1)裂解是在高温下进行的,如果系统在减压下操作,当某些管件连接不严密时,可能漏入空气,不仅会使裂解原料和产物部分氧化而造成损失,更严重的是空气与裂解气能形成爆炸混合物而导致爆炸;

2)减压操作对后续分离部分的压缩操作也不利,要增加能耗。

工业上采用水蒸汽作为稀释剂的优点是:

1)水蒸汽热容量大,能对炉管温度起稳定作用,在一定程度上保护了炉管;

2)水蒸汽与产物易分离,与产物不起反应,对裂解气的质量无影响;

3)水蒸汽可以抑制原料中的硫对合金钢裂解管的腐蚀作用,可以保护裂解炉管;

4)水蒸气在高温下能与裂解管中的沉积焦炭发生如下反应:C+H2OH2+CO具有对炉管的清焦作用;

5)水蒸气对金属表面起一定的氧化作用,形成氧化物薄膜,减轻了铁和镍对烃类气体分解生碳的催化作用。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
单项选择题

New tectmology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a "global village" where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modem business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modem markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executives stationed in another country no longer need fear being "out of sight and out of mind." He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.

The word "edge" underlined in Paragraph 5 means ______ .

A.something very sharp

B.the outside limit or boundary

C.the degree of anger, nervousness or annoyance

D.a slight advantage over somebody