问题 问答题 简答题

锅炉爆管的事故的现象和如何处理?

答案

参考答案:

现象:

1.锅炉内有不正常泄漏响声;爆管严重时,不严处向外喷炉烟或蒸汽;

2.炉膛及烟道负压减小或变正,摆动幅度较大;

3.水冷壁管或壁再管大面积爆破时,可能造成锅炉灭火;

4.水冷壁、省煤器、过热器爆管时,给水流量不正常地大于蒸汽流量,锅炉汽压下降,汽

温升高,负荷下降;

5.爆管侧烟气温度下降,爆管受热面后两侧烟温偏差增大;

6.再热器爆管时,再热器出口压力降低,机组负荷下降;

处理:

爆管不严重,能维持汽包正常水位时:

1.确认大致爆管部位,申请尽快停机;按照机组故障停机的有关规定进行处理;

2.未停机前增大吸风量,维持炉膛负压,必要时投油助燃稳定燃烧,降压降负荷运行;加强泄漏点监视;

3.注意调整好过、再热汽温;

4.停机灭火后对炉膛通风吹扫冷却10—20分钟后保留一台吸风机运行爆管严重,不能维持汽包正常水位时:

1.若水位低至极限,水位保护动作或手动按下MFT停炉按扭,按紧急停炉处理;机组迅速减负荷至零后停机;

2.若水位未至极限,立即手动逐台紧急停止制粉系统运行,停止一次风机运行,锅炉灭火,同时机组迅速减负荷至零后停机,比照机组故障停机处理;

3.停止一切锅炉排污放水工作,停炉后应尽量上水至汽包最高水位,省煤器、水冷壁管爆破、停止上水后禁止开启省煤器再循环门。如爆管严重,不能维持水位时,应停止上水;

4.停炉后保留一台吸风机,排除炉内烟气和蒸汽;按有关规定冷却锅炉。

阅读理解

Imagine you are an astronaut, you find a new planet that looks like the earth, and when you want to put the flag on it, you find out that this planet has already got population. What would you do?

The US astronaut, Charles “Chuck” Backer, in the new cartoon film Planet 51 just comes across this thing.

Planet 51 is a place where there is no human being. So Chuck arrives in the planet and wants to name it “the US”. But he suddenly finds himself surrounded by lots of little green aliens.

These aliens live in fear that they may be invaded by strange being. They have never seen an alien until Chuck arrives. They think it is terrible and they get ready to defend themselves or attack Chuck. They send him to the Planet 51 Alien Invaders Space Museum. Chuck is very scared and tries to escape. The only thing he can do is to make his spaceship work and fly back to the earth. Luckily, he makes friends with a young alien named Lem. Then the adventure begins.

Planet 51 is a science fiction movie. It tells us that whether we are on the earth or in another society with aliens, we should accept the things that are different in our lives and experience them actively. In this way, we can grow up and understand ourselves better by changing.

The film is very funny and full of happiness. Will Chuck return home? If you want to know, see it!

小题1:根据The US astronaut, Charles “Chuck” Backer, in the new cartoon film Planet 51 just comes across this thing.描述,可知选A。

小题2:根据They have never seen an alien until Chuck arrives. They think it is terrible (可怕的)and they get ready to defend themselves or attack Chuck.可知选B。

小题3:根据they get ready to defend themselves or attack Chuck.可知是保护自己的意思,故选C。

小题4:根据The only thing he can do is to make his spaceship work and fly back to the earth.描述,可知选B。

小题5:根据It tells us that whether we are on the earth or in another society with aliens, we should accept the things that are different in our lives and experience them actively. In this way, we can grow up and understand ourselves better by changing.描述,可知选B。

小题6:Charles “Chuck” Backer is a ___________.

A. US astronaut     B. green alien          C. US scientist

小题7:When the green aliens see Charles “Chuck” Backer, they feel ___________。

A. excited          B. scared               C. sad

小题8:What does the word “defend” mean in this passage?

A. 侵略             B. 隐藏             C.保护

小题9:How can Chuck get out of the bad situation?

A. He must make friends with aliens there.

B. He must make the spaceship work and return to the earth.

C. He must destroy the Planet 51 Alien Invaders Space Museum.

小题10: What can we learn from the movie?

A. We shouldn’t explore or invade other planets.

B. We should learn to accept new things in order to improve ourselves.

C. We should experience more on the earth in order to be an astronaut.

单项选择题