问题 问答题

监理招标有哪些特点?

答案

参考答案:

监理招标的特点主要表现为:

(1)宗旨是对监理单位能力的选择。监理服务是监理单位的高智能投入,服务工作完成的好坏不仅依赖于执行监理业务是否遵循了规范化的管理程序和方法,更多地取决于参与监理工作人员的业务专长、经验、判断能力、创新想像力,以及风险意识。因此招标选择监理单位时,鼓励的是能力竞争,而不是价格竞争。如果对监理单位的资质和能力不给予足够重视,只依据报价高低确定中标人,就忽视了高质量服务,报价最低的投标人不一定就是最能胜任工作者。

(2)报价在选择中居于次要地位。工程项目的施工、物资供应招标选择中标人的原则是,在技术上达到要求标准的前提下,主要考虑价格的竞争性。而监理招标对能力的选择放在第一位,因为当价格过低时监理单位很难把招标人的利益放在第一位,为了维护自己的经济利益采取减少监理人员数量或多派业务水平低、工资低的人员,其后果必然导致对工程项目的损害。另外,监理单位提供高质量的服务,往往能使招标人获得节约工程投资和提前投产的实际效益,因此过多考虑报价因素得不偿失。但从另一个角度来看,服务质量与价格之间应有相应的平衡关系,所以招标人应在能力相当的投标人之间再进行价格比较。

(3)邀请投标人数量较少。选择监理单位一般采用邀请招标,且邀请数量以3~5家为宜。因为监理招标是对知识、技能和经验等方面综合能力的选择,每一份标书内都会提出具有独特见解或创造性的实施建议,但又各有长处和短处。如果邀请过多投标人参与竞争,不仅要增大评标工作量,而且定标后还要给予未中标人以一定补偿费,与在众多投标人中好中求好的目的比较,往往产生事倍功半的效果。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony

but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives

the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other

by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial

name long after the meaning is lost.

     Many roads and places in Singapore (新加坡) are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by

future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with

traditions in many countries-in both the West and the East.

     Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote

friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from

the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in

former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus-obviously named by some

homesick Royal Air Force personnel.

     Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an

interesting example, "Base Basah" means "wet rice" in Malay (马来语). Now why would anyone want to name

a road "Wet Rice Road"? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along

this road.

     A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is "Circular Road" for one. Other roads may

have part of their names to describe their shapes, like "Paya Lebar Crescent". This road is called a crescent (月

牙) because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.

1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that _____.

A. the government is usually the first to name a place

B. many places tend to have more than one name

C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named

D. people prefer the place names given by the government

2. What does the underlined phrase "die hard" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Change suddenly.

B. Change significantly.

C. Disappear mysteriously.

D. Disappear very slowly.

3. Which of the following places is named after a person?

A. Raffles Place.

B. Selector Airbase.

C. Piccadilly Circus.

D. Paya Lebar Crescent.

4. Bras Basah Road is named _____.

A. after a person

B. after a place

C. after an activity

D. by its shape

5. Bras Basah Road is named _____.

A. after a person

B. after a place

C. after an activity

D. by its shape