问题 综合题

(20分)在人类思想文化发展的过程中,不同特色的思想文化相互碰撞、相互交融,共同发展,呈现出多元化的特征。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 希腊是西方文明的摇篮,奥林匹克的故乡,欧洲对外贸易的发源地,为人类的文明进步作出了重要贡献。在人类发展历程中,以古代中国和古代希腊为代表的东西方文明曾经彼此交融,相映生辉。

——吴邦国《在中希经贸合作论坛上的演讲》

(1)结合所学知识,指出古代希腊和古代中国各创立了怎样的政治制度。(4分)

材料二 自西洋文明输入吾国,最初促吾人之觉悟者为学术,相形见绌,举国所知矣;其次为政治,年来政象所证明,已有不克守缺抱残之势;继今以往,国人所怀疑莫决者,当为伦理问题。此而不能觉悟,则前之所谓觉悟者,非彻底之觉悟,为吾人最后觉悟之最后觉悟。

——陈独秀《吾人最后之觉悟》

(2)据材料二并结合所学知识,指出陈独秀提出的国人“觉悟”经历了哪三个阶段。其具体实践如何?(6分)

材料三 人类千万年的历史,最为珍贵的不是令人炫目的科技,不是浩瀚的大师们的经典著作,不是政客们天花乱坠的演讲,而是实现了对统治者的驯服,实现了把他们关在笼子里的梦想。因为只有驯服了他们,把他们关起来,才不会害人。我现在就是站在笼子里向你们讲话。

——美国总统乔治·布什国庆日演说

(3)据材料三并结合所学知识,说明美国是怎样实现把总统“关在笼子里的梦想”的。(4分)

材料四 全国人民代表大会1982年通过的新宪法,已把建立法制摆在优先地位。……1983年,全国人民代表大会也建立了一个法律委员会。彭真委员长宣布,全国人民代表大会在今后几年中将努力加强和保证社会主义法制和民主。……在“ * * ”的动乱年代之后,中国现在正采取措施以恢复法律的作用。

——法国《人道报》1984年《中国正在建立一套完整的司法制度》

党的十一届三中全会以后,重建法制以来,我国加快了立法进程。据统计,五届全国人大立法60件,六届全国人大通过法律63件,七届全国人大上升至87件,八届全国人大117件,九届全国人大113件。

——《中国法制建设史》

(4)据材料四,概括十一届三中全会后我国是如何加强民主与法制建设的。(6分)

答案

(1)制度:古代希腊—民主制度;古代中国—专制主义中央集权制度。(4分)

(2)三个阶段及实践:学术觉悟,洋务派学习西方科技发起洋务运动;政治觉悟,维

新派、革命派效仿西方政治制度,进行维新变法和辛亥革命;伦理觉悟,激进派掀起新文化运动。(6分)

(3)实行三权分立;总统只有行 * * ;受到国会和最高法院的制约;总统由选举产生;有任期限制。(4分,答出四点即可)

(4)建设:党的十一届三中全会后,我国恢复和强调了法律的作用;全国人民代表大会把建立法制摆到了优先地位;加快了立法进程,建立了社会主义法律体系框架,民主与法制日益完善。(6分)

题目分析:

(1)结合所学知识,古代希腊雅典建立了民主制度,古代中国建立了专制主义中央集权制度。

(2)根据材料信息,“最初促吾人之觉悟者为学术”指学习西方器物阶段;“其次为政治” 指学习西方制度阶段;“国人所怀疑莫决者,当为伦理问题”指学习西方思想文化阶段,再结合所学知识回答。

(3)根据美国1787年宪法的内容,实行三权分立,体现了“分权制衡”原则。

(4)根据材料信息,“全国人民代表大会1982年通过的新宪法,已把建立法制摆在优先地位”“中国现在正采取措施以恢复法律的作用”“我国加快了立法进程”等回答。

完形填空

三、完形填空(本题有20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

The old woman was wandering in the shop. She was ____31 ___; her clothes were torn; she gave off a strong _____32____ of alcohol (酒精) and cigarettes; most of her teeth were ______33___. The image of a miserable person(可怜人) _____34____ before me.

She stopped and asked me for_____35_____. I gave her some change and invited her to lunch. She ______36____, so we went across the street to an outdoor cafe.  The waitress was _____37____ by the presence of this woman and didn't want to serve us, but _____38____ herself. The old woman had the lunch so _____39____ that the food disappeared almost as soon as it arrived.

When we were ready to leave, I was feeling pretty _____40____ about myself and then she asked for a _____41____. It was then that I had to face all the _____42____ bias (偏见) I had for this woman. I gave her a passing type of hug (应付差事的拥抱), ______43___ I immediately felt shame. She ______44___ me for lunch and began to leave.                     

I stood there for a moment and _____45____ I had failed to give this woman the one thing that ____46_____ nothing —love. I caught up with her and asked if I could give her a _____47____ hug and she agreed. I got past the strong smell and gave her the best hug I've ever given to _____48____ .Now I saw a big smile on her face and it lit my path as we ____49____.

The lesson I learned was that if you're going to ______50____, then give it your all and get it right the first time.

31. A. brave                   B. shy                      C. attractive                  D. dirty

32. A. sense                  B. skill                     C. smell                       D. message

33. A. staying                   B. missing              C. growing               D. shaking

34. A. appeared             B. fell                        C. changed                   D. existed

35. A. advice               B. gifts                     C. greetings                 D. money

36. A. doubted             B. agreed                  C. escaped                   D. refused

37. A. moved                   B. questioned             C. shocked                   D. frightened

38. A. allowed              B. forced                  C. warned                     D. admired

39. A. quickly              B. hardly                  C. freely                     D. easily

40. A. funny                     B. cold                     C. strange                   D. good

41. A. cigarette             B. hug                       C. coffee                             D. smile

42. A. serious              B. mentioned                 C. false                        D. hidden

43. A. but                    B. so                         C. though                    D. because

44. A. praised               B. paid                             C. thanked                   D. returned

45. A. realized              B. dreamt                   C. forgot                     D. wondered

46. A. cost                   B. lost                       C. deserved                  D. earned

47. A. friendly             B. real                       C. special                    D. popular

48. A. myself               B. her                       C. anyone                   D. nobody

49. A. separated            B. met                       C. rested                      D. stood

50. A. take                   B. experience             C. charge                     D. give

单项选择题