问题 问答题 论述题

分析引起罐头食品变质的原因有哪些?如何控制?

答案

参考答案:主要原因是:杀菌不足,罐头裂漏,杀菌前污染严重。

食品从原料进厂到装罐密封,不可避免地会遭受到各种微生物的污染。所污染的微生物的种类和数量与原料状况、运输条件、工厂卫生飞生产操作工艺条件以及操作人员个人卫生等密切相关。原始活菌数愈多,污染愈严重,所需杀菌的时间愈长。

常出现的败坏现象有胀罐,平酸败坏,变黑,发霉。其中胀罐分为物理性胀罐2装量过多,排气不足等;化学性胀罐:高酸性罐头中有机酸使罐内腐蚀产生氢气;细菌性胀罐3腐败微生物的作用产生气体。漏罐:即是从缝线或孔眼部分漏出部分内容物,引起的原因可以是罐头卷边角铁皮腐蚀生锈出现穿孔,或由于腐败微生物活动产生气体使罐头内压过大,损坏其卷线及加工过程中的机械损伤等原因。

控制措施:严格执行杀菌工艺,检查密封情况,减少装罐前污染。

完形填空

第二部分 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分35分)

第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A sudden large increase in interest in reading among children is preventing them from suffering accidents, British researchers say.

The  21  looked at the number of children attending casualty John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford on weekends of Saturday, 21 June, 2003 and Saturday, 16 July this year – the   22   dates of the two most recent Harry Potter books, The Order of the Phoenix and The Half-Blood Prince.

They found that only 36 and 37 kids respectively needed treatment   23   with an average of 67 children on "normal" weekends.

The doctors said while   24    did keep children away from dangerous games, it could lead to a    25   in obesity.

The authors of the study suggested that   26   more book reading might be a   27   way to combat childhood accidents.

"It may be hypothesized (假设)that there is a place for a committee of safety conscious, and talented writers who could produce high quality books for the   28   of injury prevention," they wrote in the British Medical Journal.

However they acknowledged there could be a downside to a strategy that seeks to turn

29  children into bookworms.

30   problems could include "an unpredictable increase in childhood obesity, ( 肥胖症 ),rickets (软骨病)and loss of cardiovascular fitness ( 心血管病 ).

21. A. researchers           B. writers                     C. parents              D. doctors

22. A. open                B. launch              C. show               D. publish

23. A. dealt                B. interfere            C. compared            D. meet

24. A. reading              B. fighting             C. playing             D. seeing

25. A. high                B. growth             C. behavior            D. condition

26. A. increasing            B. improving           C. urging              D. encouraging

27. A. useful               B. careful             C. delightful            D. thoughtful

28. A. object               B. purpose             C. principle            D. attention

29. A. beautiful             B. small               C. honest              D. active

30. A. Likely               B. Forgetful           C. Potential            D. Suitable

单项选择题