问题 单项选择题

张岱年在《中国文化概论》中指出:“明清时期的早期启蒙思想家们先天不足,具有一种时代的缺陷,黄宗羲、唐甄们提不出新的社会方案,只能用扩大相权、限制君权、提倡学校议政等办法来修补封建专制制度。”这里的“先天不足”是指()

A.知识分子群体不够强大

B.当时我国资本主义经济不够充分

C.民众的公民意识尚未觉醒

D.专制集权体制顽固持久

答案

参考答案:B

解析:本题主要是考察对中国明末清初进步思想与欧洲启蒙思想的理解。明清之际的进步思想没有摆脱儒学范畴,是对儒学的批判与继承,政治上反对君主专制,但并没有对未来社会提出构想。根本原因在于当时我国资本主义经济发展不充分。故选B。A项错误,出现早起启蒙思想的根源不是知识分子力量是否强大;CD项并非根本原因,都未从经济的角度进行分析。

阅读理解

Recently I fully understood that a little favor could really make a big difference. My daughter and I were, accidentally, in time to catch a falling heart just before it hit the ground.

It all started when Charlene, one of my co-volunteers at the library, asked if I could do her duty on Tuesday since her doctor appointment had been unexpectedly changed. I agreed, which meant I  was home on Friday instead of volunteering as previously planned.

My daughter, Mary, managers a book store in town. Mid-morning, she called to ask me for help. Would I buy a fifty dollar gift card, birthday card, and cake for one of Mary’s assistant managers, Cindy?

Mary explained she had to call Cindy in to take the place of another assistant manager who was sick, but felt terrible about it when she discovered it was Cindy’s birthday. Cindy insisted that it was just fine. But that was not what Mary thought, so she gathered enough money from other employees to throw a surprise party for Cindy. Since neither Mary, nor any of the other employees, could leave to pick up the goodies, they were turning to me for help. Days later, Mary told me the wonderful rest of the story, “Cindy cried and cried when we surprised her. After the party, Cindy told us that her boyfriend had chosen that morning to break up with her. To top that off, she only had 26 cents left in her bank account.”

We were surprised at the series of unexpected events that took place in order to circle Cindy with love and catch her falling heart just before it hit the ground.

小题1:Why did Charlene ask a favor of the writer?

A.ShehadtoseethedoctoronFriday.

B.Shewantedtocelebrateherdaughter’sbirthday.

C.ShehadanunexpectedappointmentonTuesday.

D.Sheneededtoprepareforherdaughter’sbirthday.小题2:What can we learn about Mary?

A.Shewasalearned careerwoman.

B.Shehaduneasyrelationshipswithherassistants.

C.SheknewCindy’slovestorybeforethesurpriseparty.

D.Sheplayedthemostimportantroleinthiscircleoflove.小题3:Which of the following couldn’t be the reason why Cindy cried?

A.She had to work on her birthday.

B.She had little money in her bank account.

C.She was greatly moved by Mary’s care and kindness.

D.She and her boyfriend parted that very morning.小题4:The underlined word “goodies” refers to_________.

A.Gifts for Cindy

B.Good stories

C.Close friends

D.Goods on sale

问答题