问题 单项选择题

肺部CT图像拍摄时,对于窗的基本要求是()。

A.一般采用双窗拍摄

B.只需拍摄肺窗

C.必须要拍摄骨窗

D.必须包括肺的宽窗和窄窗各一套

E.必须拍摄肺窗和纵隔软组织窗

答案

参考答案:E

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这篇小说,完成问题。

一片苍茫

戴涛

  白生要去茫县做知县,至恩师大学士多举府上辞行。待白生坐定,多举便让人端上一盘水果,问白生,可识得盘中为何物?白生细细打量一番,说,状如梨,梨有皮,或黄或青,而此果似无皮,白如雪,透如水,学生真不知何方仙果。

  多举抚掌大笑,说,这亦是梨,名晶梨,产地即是茫县。他拿起一只递给白生,白生接过梨来,小心翼翼张开嘴,未等劲咬,只听得一声脆响,一股清香扑鼻,一股甘甜沁脾。

好梨好梨,白生情不自禁脱口叫道。多举说,当今从皇亲国戚到满朝文武非此梨不吃,茫县可真是个好地方哟。白生忙跪倒,学生一定不辜负恩师之厚望。

  烟花三月,白生起程。一路春色诱人,白生无心恋景,很快便到了茫县。此时一班县衙的官吏幕僚和当地的乡绅名流已迎候多时,寒暄过后便请白生到鸿运楼洗尘。酒过三巡,店小二端上一碟水果,白生见是苹果,随口问道:咦,茫县不是盛产晶梨吗?小二却面露难色,禀大人,小店什么新鲜果子都有,就是未备晶梨。白生说,入其乡则随其俗,我偏就稀罕这遍地都是的土产。

  听得此言店小二却急了,禀大人,这晶梨如今实在是想买也买不到了。白生好生纳闷,便看坐在身旁的县丞汪过,汪过立刻端起酒杯说,我等还是一起敬白大人一杯吧。众人也都纷纷应和着祝白大人平步青云。白生于是糊里糊涂地举杯。待酒足饭饱,已是掌灯时分。

一觉醒来已是第二天早上,白生赶紧升堂。新官上任,自然要漂漂亮亮地审他几件案子,可白生在堂上正襟危坐了一整天,不见一人来告,而且一连三天如此。

  第四天,白生实在觉得无聊,便喊了退堂,然后换了便服一个人悄悄出了县衙,策马朝乡间跑去。茫县多丘陵,举目望去,层层叠叠的梯田此时一片雪白,清气四溢,悦人眼目。待马跑近,单见一株株一人多高的梨树枝繁叶茂,盛开着朵朵娇嫩的小白花,更有无数蜂蝶翩翩起舞,煞是好看。白生看得如痴如醉,连连喝道,美景美景!

  这时,不知从哪儿跑出一男童,上前捉蜜蜂。捉到后便立刻将蜜蜂撕成两段,随即放到嘴边贪婪地吮着。

  白生说,你吃什么?男童答,蜂蜜。

  白生说,可这小生灵却被你无端弄死了。男童说,我饿。

  白生大怒,饿你回家吃饭呀!

  家里没饭。

  白生这才注意到眼前的男童竟是如此瘦弱。

  白生随着男童到了他家。几排东歪西倒的茅屋,其中一间,推门进去,白生一惊,四壁空空,只有土炕上躺着一个须发皆白的老头。白生问男童,你爹呢?男童答,这就是我爹。白生又是一惊。

  从男童家出来,白生又踏进另一间茅屋……当白生离开村寨时,心沉得如同铅坠,抬头西望,残阳如血,遍地的梨花也是殷红殷红的。

  你别看这晶梨雪白雪白的,可在我们百姓眼里它可是血红血红的。

  你说每户上交一筐梨给朝廷也算不得什么,可你知道么,这晶梨多么刁钻古怪,三亩地一粒粮食没种,全种了梨树,也只能收得一筐好梨。

  你问我这日子是怎么过的,挑剩的孬梨到外边换得半年的杂粮已是大幸,余下的日子就靠要饭了。

  回到县衙,白生将县丞汪过叫到书房,阴沉着脸问道,汪大人,你可知道百姓为梨遭的罪?汪过说,知道。白生说,就没办法么?汪过说,有,白大人您把梨伺候好喽,早点儿像您的前任那样由幽谷迁乔木,离开茫县,此外别无他法。

  白生沉默无语。

  时光荏苒,转眼已是金秋十月,晶梨收获的季节。今年的梨格外好,个儿大肉嫩透着水灵。衙门上下忙得不亦乐乎,总算把梨收齐了,一个不落全装了船。按惯例,由县丞押运进京,临行前白生突然对汪过说,这趟不劳你的驾了, 我亲自走一趟。汪过淡然一笑,自当相让。

  一月有余,运梨船终于回归。不出汪过所料,白生果然没有回来。又过了数天,朝廷果然派来了个新知县。汪过旁敲侧击地打听白大人,谁料竟惊出一身冷汗:原来白生送到朝廷的梨不知何故竟然又酸又硬,皇上才咬了一口,梨没有咬下,却将半颗圣牙咬落,于是龙颜大怒,将白生打入死牢。

  腊月二十八,圣旨传来,命茫县砍去所有梨树,永不得再种。百姓闻听此讯,雀跃欢呼,奔走相告,个个操起砍刀奔向自家梨园。进了梨园人人大惊,寒冬时节本已干枯的梨树枝头竟然挂满了朵朵白花……

  是夜,京城,白生被推出午门,天地一片苍茫。

  注:①幽谷:深谷。迁:迁移。乔木:高树。原指鸟儿从幽深的山谷迁移到高树上去。比喻乔迁新居。

1.下列对这篇小说的赏析,不恰当的两项是( )

A.作品开篇以白生的恩师多举荐梨入笔,自此“晶梨”便成了一条贯穿全文的线索,梨的命运与人的命运相交织,最终演绎出一曲白生为民谋福者殒身不恤的悲歌。

B.作品将主要人物置于一个特定的环境中,上有贪婪的皇上、多举等权贵,下有狡诈的汪过等地方污吏,白生处境之艰难决定了其反抗态度之坚决。

C.这篇作品中有许多出乎文中人和读者意料之外的笔墨,如新官无案审、名县无粮吃、白生有去无回、梨树永不再种……该笔法的运用,使故事情节更加曲折有趣。

D.这篇作品语言真切传神,颇具感染力:“心沉得如同铅坠”的比喻,用语贴切;“雪白”与“殷红”的对比,色彩鲜明;“你别看”、“你问我”等人物语言,均可体现。

E.“苍茫”,即空阔辽远,无边无际之意。作品以此为题,便寓有作者对百姓深重苦难的怜悯,对父母官孤独悲壮的哀叹,对世道昏暗荒谬的忧愤,韵味苍凉。

2.分别回答下面两个问题。

(1)茫县官吏乡绅为白生接风洗尘这一部分内容,在文中有何作用?

答:______________________________________________________________。

(2)“第四天……”一段中,画线的景物描写在文中有何作用?

答:______________________________________________________________。

3.结合作品简要分析白生这一人物形象。

______________________________________________________________。

阅读理解

There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door.

This was an age before telephones. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment (片段).

This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought,which brings us to the cellphone.

The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s disruption (中断) of our thoughts.

We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach.

The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept – we have “Do Not Disturb” signs on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the phone for a while?

The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass deployment (使用) of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe. We came to take it for granted.

But cellphones make long-distance communication common, and endanger our time by ourselves. Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished. Even cellphone devotees, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phone away, or curse the day they were invented.

But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt (轻视) for the rings of our own phones. Given the ease of making and receiving cellphone calls, if we don’t talk to the caller right now, we surely will shortly later.

A cellphone call deserves no greater priority (优先考虑的事) than a random (随机的) word from the person next to us. Though the call on my cellphone may be the one–in–a–million from Steven Spielberg–who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch.

小题1:What is the point of the anecdote(轶事,趣闻) about the poet Coleridge in the first three paragraphs?

A.To direct readers’ attention to the main topic.

B.To show how important inspiration is to a poet.

C.To emphasize the disadvantage of not having a cellphone.

D.To encourage readers to read the works of this poet.小题2:What does the writer think about people telling “white lies” about their cellphones?

A.It is a way of signaling that you don’t like the caller.

B.It is natural to tell lies about small things.

C.It is basically a good way to protect one’s privacy.

D.We should feel guilty when we can’t tell the truth.小题3:According to the author, what is the most annoying problem caused by cellphones?

A.People get annoyed by the cellphone rings that they fail to notice anything else.

B.People feel guilty when they are not able to answer their cellphones.

C.Cellphones interrupt people’s private time.

D.With cellphones it is no longer possible to be unreachable.小题4:What does the last paragraph suggest?

A.A person who calls us from afar deserves more of our attention.

B.Steven Spielberg once called the author to talk about the author’s novel.

C.You should always finish your lunch before you answer a call on the cellphone.

D.Never let cellphones interfere too much with your life.