问题 问答题

某学习小组探究浓、稀硝酸氧化性的相对强弱的,按下图装置进行试验(夹持仪器已略去).实验表明浓硝酸能将NO氧化成NO2,而稀硝酸不能氧化NO.由此得出的结论是浓硝酸的氧化性强于稀硝酸.

可选药品:浓硝酸、3mo/L稀硝酸、蒸馏水、浓硫酸、氢氧化钠溶液及二氧化碳

已知:氢氧化钠溶液不与NO反应,能与NO2反应2NO2+2NaOH=NaNO3+NaNO2+H2O

(1)实验应避免有害气体排放到空气中,装置③、④、⑥中盛放的药品依次是______

(2)滴加浓硝酸之前先检验装置的气密性,再加入药品;打开弹簧夹后______

(3)装置①中发生反应的化学方程式是______

(4)装置②的作用是______,发生反应的化学方程式是______

(5)该小组得出的结论依据的试验现象是______.

答案

(1)根据装置特点和实验目的,装置⑤是收集NO,装置⑥中盛放NaOH溶液吸收NO2防止污染大气;因为要验证稀HNO3不能氧化NO,所以装置③中应该盛放稀硝酸.

故答案为:3mol/L稀硝酸、浓硝酸、氢氧化钠溶液;

(2)由于装置中残存的空气能氧化NO而对实验产生干扰,所以滴加浓HNO3之前需要通入一段时间CO2赶走装置中的空气,同时也需将装置⑤中导管末端伸入倒置的烧瓶内防止反应产生的NO气体逸出.

故答案为:通入CO2一段时间,关闭弹簧夹,将装置⑤中导管末端伸入倒置的烧瓶内;

(3)Cu与浓HNO3反应生成Cu(NO32、NO2、H2O,反应为Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO32+2NO2↑+2H2O,

故答案为:Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO32+2NO2↑+2H2O;

(4)装置②中盛放H2O,使NO2与H2O反应生成NO:3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO,故答案为:将NO2转化为NO;3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO;

(5)NO通过稀HNO3溶液后,若无红棕色NO2产生,说明稀HNO3不能氧化NO,所以盛放稀HNO3装置的液面上方没有颜色变化即可说明之.装置④中盛放的是浓HNO3,若浓HNO3能氧化NO则装置④液面的上方会产生红棕色气体,

故答案为:装置③中液面上方气体仍为无色,装置④中液面上方气体由无色变为红棕色.

完形填空
完形填空。
     When I was 14, my family went on our first trip to the United States. My uncle moved there several years
ago to work in the    1   industry in California.
     Although we flew several times before. this trip seemed really    2    because I had never been to America
before. However, to our disappointment, the ride was    3   this time. People smoked and the air quality was
very poor.
     Moreover, it was    4   to see American money-it was very ugly and boring, all green and white, but what
it could    5  -freedom, Hollywood-was    6   . I didn't see any movie stars in fur coats    7   their lovely dogs,
either. I   8   , "Is this California? Where are the beaches, the sun and the blonde girls?"    9   a land of
dark-haired people, seeing blondes was   10   one of the extremely   11   parts of the trip. However, I was
rather disappointed.    12   , the weather was really foggy, the city looked kind of old and the traffic was
terrible.
    We droved north to Sonoma where my   13   had his house. The wine industry to a  14   can be both
extremely boring and endless exciting. It was great to see my cousins and they   15   that they would take
me out when the weather was nicer. We rode for miles and miles and played in the hills where no one could 
  16   us.
     By the time we   17   to see the city of San Francisco all my bad thoughts had been   18  . I was having
so much fun with my cousins that I wanted to move there.
     I saw neither blonde girls nor   19    on that trip, but I met a lot of nice People and   20   that wherever you
live it's always a nice place if you like the people there. I hope I can travel back to California soon.
( )1. A. clothing     
( )2. A. interesting  
( )3. A. lovely    
( )4. A. surprising  
( )5. A. impress     
( )6. A. frightening  
( )7. A. walking     
( )8. A. explained    
( )9. A. Rounding up           
( )10. A. impossibly  
( )11. A. beneficial  
( )12. A. After all   
( )13. A. uncle    
( )14. A. native      
( )15. A. imagined   
( )16. A. hate     
( )17. A. spread out  
( )18. A. turned down 
( )19. A. beaches   
( )20. A. appreciated 
B. wine            
B. fearful          
B. smooth          
B. helpful      
B. change           
B. moving        
B. marching        
B. complained         
B. Looking through   
B. surely         
B. wonderful       
B. As a result        
B. father       
B. child           
B. promised         
B. help            
B. held back         
B. given away       
B. cities         
B. identified   
C. service       
C. boring        
C. expensive   
C. disappointing  
C. realize      
C. exciting      
C. approaching    
C. wondered     
C. Resulting from         
C. seriously     
C. effective     
C. First of all     
C. brother     
C. cousin        
C. believed       
C. bother     
C. turned up        
C. washed away      
C. planes     
C. realized   
D. travel              
D. common                
D. terrible            
D. meaningful          
D. buy                   
D. depressing        
D. fighting                
D. announced        
D. Coming from         
D. fortunately         
D. ordinary             
D. Worse still         
D. friend              
D. worker              
D. appealed            
D. miss              
D. got around             
D. put forward           
D. hills               
D. imagined    
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