随着抗生素广泛应用，引起细菌性肺炎的病原体最主要的变化是（）
A.肺炎球菌肺炎不断增加
B.革兰阴性杆菌肺炎不断增加
C.军团菌肺炎的发病率逐年下降
D.葡萄球菌肺炎很少发生
E.支原体肺炎很少发生
参考答案：B
解析：目前细菌性肺炎仍是最常见的肺炎，但随着抗生素的广泛应用，以及部分人群免疫防御功能的变化，引起肺炎的病原体有了较大变化，肺炎球菌的比例不断下降，革兰阴性杆菌感染所致肺炎的比例却不断增加，且新的病原体（如军团菌）肺炎的发生率亦逐年增加。
根据短文内容，从下框的A – F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
小题1: __________ There are many occasions for giving gifts in modern industrialized societies; birthdays, naming ceremonies, weddings, anniversaries, New Year, It is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations in western cultures. In addition, special events, such as one’s first day of school or graduation from university, often require gift giving. 小题2: __________ What is happening when we give gifts? Most important, we are exchanging gifts. If someone gives me a gift for my birthday, I know that I am usually expected to give one on his or her next birthday. A gift builds up or confirms a social obligation. 小题3: __________ Gifts tighten personal relationships and provide a means of communication between loved ones. People say that a gift lets the recipient know we are thinking of them, and that we want to make the person “feel special.” We want people to feel wanted, to feel part of our social or family group. We give presents to say “I’m sorry.” Sometimes it is difficult for us to find a present that someone will like. Sometimes we give things that we like or would feel comfortable with. In all these cases, the gifts are sending out messages－often very expressive ones. 小题4: ___________ People tend to talk about presents in a fairly loving way. A woman whose mother had died years ago described the many gifts around her house. These were gifts that her mother had given her over the years: “I appreciate these, and they mean something to me,” the woman said, “because I remember the occasions they were given on, and that they were from my mother, and the relationship we’ve had.” The gifts remain and keep the relationship alive in mind. This woman felt the same way about the gifts she gave to others. She hoped that the recipients would look at here gifts in years to come and 小题5: ___________ Emotions like these suggest that a positive spirit still lies behind gift giving. They prove that the anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that modern western gift giving is highly wasteful. Studies in Canada and elsewhere have also shown that this is not the case. Each gift is unique even if so many are given. The emotional benefit for those who exchange gifts is the very reason for the tradition to continue. |