任何一种行为的产生都有其起因，这是行为特征的（）
A.因果性
B.目的性
C.持久性
D.可变性
参考答案：A
Cost of quality is the total cost of all efforts to achieve product/service quality, and includes all work to ensure conformance to requirements. All of the following are costs that are incurred EXCEPT （）.
A．cost of poor quality
B．opportunity cost
C．external failure cost
D．appraisal cost
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