问题 综合题

(16分)阅读下列材料

材料1:今者由平民革命,以建国民政府,凡为国民皆平等以有参 * * 。大总统由国民公举,议会以国民公奉之议员构成之,制定中华民国宪法,人人共守。敢有帝制自为者,天下共击之。

材料2:在《遗嘱》中,孙中山总结数十年的革命经验:“必须唤起民众,联合世界上以平等待我之民族,共同奋斗……”他指出:“革命尚未成功,同志仍须努力。”

请回答:

(1)材料一体现的是三民主义的哪一方面的内容?在三民主义的指导下,制定的宪法是什么?该宪法确立了怎样的政体?(6分)

(2)根据材料二和所学知识,孙中山晚年的政策发生了什么变化?(2分)你认为孙中山晚年思想发生变化的最主要原因是什么?(2分)

(3)如何评价孙中山的三民主义?(6分)

答案

(1)民权主义。《中华民国临时约法》或《临时约法》。资产阶级民主共和政体。(6分)

(2)提出新三民主义。(2分)孙中山对民主革命的不懈追求。(2分)(言之成理亦可给分)

(3)三民主义表达了资产阶级在政治、经济上的利益和要求,反映了中国人民实现民族独立和民主权利的愿望,是辛亥革命的重要理论指导。但没有提出明确的反对帝国主义侵略的要求,也没有彻底的土地革命纲领,体现了资产阶级的软弱性。(6分)

题目分析:

(1)材料一指出:“凡为国民皆平等以有参 * * 。大总统由国民公举,议会以国民公奉之议员构成之。”即建立资产阶级共和国,保障人民享有管理国家的权力,体现的是三民主义的民权主义。在三民主义的指导下,南京临时参议院制定的宪法是《中华民国临时约法》,确立了三权分立的资产阶级共和政体。

(2)由于孙中山具有高度的爱国热情和与时俱进的精神品质,在 * * 国际和中 * * 党的帮助下,他吸取过去斗争失败的教训,接受中共反帝反封建的政治主张,改组国民党,重新解释三民主义,把旧三民主义发展为新三民主义。

(3)注意运用辩证唯物主义的观点,从积极作用和局限性两个方面对三民主义做出客观评价:进步性:三民主义是比较完整的资产阶级民主革命纲领,表达了资产阶级在政治、经济上的利益和要求,反映了中国人民实现民族独立和民主权利的愿望,推动了资产阶级民主革命的发展。局限性:没有明确提出反对帝国主义的要求,也没有彻底的土地革命纲领。

选择题
阅读理解

Do you have any of these bad habits ? Check yourself by answering  “yes”or“no” to these questions.

a)      Do you move your lips when reading silently ?

b)     Do you point to words with your fingers as you read ?

c)      Do you move your head from side to side as you read ?

d)     Do you read one word at a time ?

If your answer “yes”  to any of these questions , start at once to break the habits. If you move your lips, hold your fingers over them, or hold a piece of paper between your lips while you are reading. Then when your lips move, you will know it and stop them. If you point to words, hold the two sides of your book, one side with your left hand, the other side with your right hand. Then you won’t have a free finger to use in pointing while reading. If you move your head, place your chin in one hand, and hold your head still.

If you read no more than one word at a time, you need to work in learning to take in more words at each glance as your eyes travel across the lines of words. Even if you read fairly fast now, you can learn to even faster. As you probably have been told, the secret of fast reading is to take in whole groups of words at each glance. Read in several groups and force your eyes along the lines of words as fast as you can make them go. Anyone who practices doing these two things will be able to read faster.                                       

56. What do you think of those habits talked about in the text _________.

A. we should remember those habits

B. they should be got rid of

C. they are difficult to get rid of

D. they are good for our studies

57. You may hold your finger over your lips while reading so as to __________.

A. hold a piece of paper between your lips

B. keep yourself from talking to others

C. tell others to be silent

D. feel whether your lips move or not

58. When your eyes travel across the lines of words, you need to __________.

A. read the words out       

B. look at every word carefully

C. read several words at a time

D. remember every word

59. If you can read fairly fast now, __________.

A. you don’t need to learn to read faster

B. you can go on reading like that

C. you can learn to read even faster

D. you can enjoy reading