问题 问答题 简答题

简述20世纪40年代后,心理学在发展方向上的特点。

答案

参考答案:20世纪40年代以后,由于社会条件的变化和科学技术的发展等原因,心理学在发展方向上出现了以下特点:第一,各心理学学派的对立逐渐消失,取而代之的是各学派之间的协调、互补,呈现了一种汇合的趋势。改变了过去那种学派林立、各执一词的局面。心理学家们不再坚持用自己的某种单一的理论去解释所有的心理现象,而是相互吸收,博采众家之长。第二,放弃了追求大而全的理论,转向能解释某种心理现象的小型理论模型。第三,重视应用,心理学分支学科增加较快。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

       I was in New York the other day and rode with a friend in a taxi. When we got out, my friend

said to the driver, "Thank you for the ride. You did a good job of driving."

       The taxi driver was shocked for a second. Then he said, "Are you a wise man or something?"

      "No, my dear man, and I'm not putting you on. I like the way you keep cool in heavy traffic."

      "Yeah," the driver said and drove off.

      "What was that all about?" I asked.

      "I am trying to bring love back to New York," he said. "I believe it's the only thing that can save

the city."

      " How can one man save New York?"

       "It's not one man. I believe I have made that taxi driver's day. Suppose he has 20 fares(乘客).

He's going to be nice to those 20 fares because someone was nice to him. Those fares in turn will be

kinder to their shopkeepers or waiters or even their own families. Finally the goodwill could go to at

least 1000 people. Now that isn't bad, is it?"

      "But you're depending on that taxi driver to pass your goodwill to others."

      "I'm not depending on it," my friend said. "I might deal with ten different people today. If out of ten

I can make three happy, then I can have an effect on 3000 more people."

      "It sounds good on paper," I said, "but I'm not sure it works in practice."

       "Nothing is lost if it doesn't. It didn't take any of my time to tell that man he was doing a good job.

He neither received a larger tip nor a smaller tip. If it fell on deaf ears, so what? Tomorrow there will

be another taxi driver I can try to make happy."

1. When the driver heard my friend's words, he at first became____.  

A. excited.  

B. angry  

C. pleased    

D. surprised

2. Why did the writer's friend praise the driver?  

A. Because he hoped to take the driver's taxi again.

B. Because he hoped to bring love to the city.

C. Because the driver moved him really.

D. Because the driver often helped him.

3. What does the writer think of his friend's idea?  

A. It's not a good idea.

B. It's not easy to carry out.

C. It's funny.

D. It's a little interesting.

4. We can learn from the passage that____. 

A. the writer tried to make the taxi driver happy.

B. the writer's friend wanted to be a good taxi driver.

C. the writer's friend did his best to make the world better.

D. the writer's plan would fail if the taxi driver didn't listen to him.

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