问题 问答题 简答题

简述酱油色香味的形成机理及其主要组成成分。

答案

参考答案:①色素形成:非酶褐变(美拉德,焦糖化),酶褐变(酪氨酸在酚酶催化下氧化生成黑色素)②香气形成:酱油应具有酱香及酯香气,无不良气味。主要是醇、醛、酯、酚、有机酸、缩醛和呋喃酮。③味:酱油味觉是咸而鲜,稍带甜味,具有醇和香味,不苦,其中包括呈咸、鲜、甜、酸、苦的物质,作为调味料,以鲜味最为主。鲜味-肽类、氨基酸、核酸,咸味-食盐,肽,氨基酸,有机酸和糖类等使咸味柔和。甜味–糖类以及甜味氨基酸,酸味-乳酸、醋酸等。微苦味-络氨酸等苦味氨基酸,能增加酱油醇厚感,但不能有焦苦味。④体:酱油的浓稠度为其体态。由无盐的可溶性固形物组成(主要有可溶性蛋白、氨基酸、维生素、糖类物质)是酱油的质量指标之一,优质酱油的无盐可溶性固形物应大于20g/10ml。

单项选择题

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up in 1988 to assess information on climate change and its impact. Its Third Assessment Report predicts global temperature rises by 2100 of between 1.4°C and 5.8°C. Although the issue of the changing climate is very complex and some changes are uncertain, temperature rises are expected to affect countries throughout the world and have a knock-on effect with sea-level rises.Scientists have argued about whether temperature rises are due to human activities or due to natural changes in our environment. The IPCC announced in 2001 that "most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is likely to be attributable to human activities". This was a more forceful statement than in 1996 when the Second Assessment Report stated that there was a "discernible human influence on the climate" which was the first time they had concluded such a link. Many experts believe the faster the climate changes, the greater the risk will be.Key points of the projections for climate change globally include that by the second half of the 21st century, wintertime rainfall in the northern mid to high latitudes and Antarctica will rise, that meanwhile Australia, Central America and southern Africa are likely to see decreases in autumn precipitation, that some land areas in the tropics will see more rainfall, and that there will generally be more hot days over land areas.

According to the author, climate researchers________.

A.are quite sure about why it’s getting hotter and hotter

B.declared that we humans are the cause why it’s getting hotter

C.have discussed the possible causes why it’s hotter

D.have claimed that changes in nature are the roots of hot days

单项选择题