问题 单项选择题

关于主动脉夹层DeBakey分型正确的是()

A.内膜破口位于左锁骨下动脉远端,夹层累及胸降主动脉(膈肌以上)为Ⅲb型

B.DeBakeyⅠ型指内膜破口位于升主动脉近端;夹层局限于升主动脉。亦可累及冠状动脉和主动脉瓣

C.DeBakeyⅡ型指内膜破口位于升主动脉近端;夹层可累及升主动脉、主动脉弓、降主动脉、腹主动脉及其分支

D.DeBakeyⅢ型指内膜破口位于左锁骨下动脉远端:夹层常向下扩展至胸主动脉或腹主动脉

E.内膜破口位于左锁骨下动脉远端,血肿向上逆行扩展到主动脉弓和升主动脉则称为DeBakeyⅠ型

答案

参考答案:D

解析:从解剖学的角度,胸主动脉夹层有两种分类系统。DeBakey系统。Ⅰ型:主动脉夹层内膜撕裂口发生在升主动脉近端,夹层延伸至主动脉弓及降主动脉,甚至腹主动脉;Ⅱ型:夹层内膜撕裂口起源升主动脉近端,终止于无名动脉以近,病变局限于升主动脉;Ⅲ型:夹层内膜撕裂口起源升主动脉弓、降部交界处左锁骨下动脉以远,向下延伸可达腹主动脉及分支。其中又分为ⅢA型(局限于膈肌以上的胸降主动脉)和ⅢB型(发展至膈肌以下,累及大部分胸腹降主动脉)。斯坦福系统:A型胸主动脉夹层累及升主动脉,而B型不累及。相对简单的斯坦福分类系统更为实用,因为升主动脉是否受累与治疗方法的选择和预后有关。有60%~70%的胸主动脉夹层是A型的。

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