问题 选择题

关于小说知识的相关叙述,有错误的一项是( )

A.在情节的运行方式中,整体都遵循着一个基本的模式:发生——发展——高潮——结局。课文《山羊兹拉特》就是这样一个典型的情节运行模式。

B.结构是一个“容器”。它将生活中的某些点滴事件、情绪固定下来,充分展示生活本身的多姿多彩。如果说短篇小说是一场战斗,那么长篇小说则是一场战役,它们都需要一个适当的结构来容纳其内容。

C.感情是一个作家的创作得以进行与维系的根本保证。倘若没有丰富的情感和敏锐的感受去观察和体会生活,就不可能找到丰富的写作题材,更不可能写出精彩的细节。

D.现实中人类的多维性构成了小说中“圆形人物”的创作基础,它的艺术性要强于“扁平人物”,如《变色龙》的主人公奥楚蔑洛夫、《红与黑》的主人公于连都是“圆形人物”。

答案

答案:D

奥楚蔑洛夫是扁平人物

判断题
单项选择题

Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate (天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1) instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2) .

This linguistic approach (3) the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se (本身), but (4) rules that enable a speaker to (5) an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6) single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7) with the particular thing signified, but (8) all members of a general class.

This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9) into existing psychological frameworks and (10) a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic (原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11) perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12) all of these processes; thus its study (13) our theories of knowledge in general.

Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child’s learning of language is a kind of theory (14) . It’s thought to be accomplished (15) explicit instruction, (16) of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17) or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18) , the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19) power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20) it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

8()

A.symbolize

B.embody

C.depict

D.represent