问题 阅读理解

Taking away a city's rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can't eat or use. If we kept these things we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.

In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside of city to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.

To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you'd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.

In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal.

Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.

小题1:You can most probably read the passage in_______.

A.a science book

B.a TV guide

C.a history book

D.a telephone book小题2: The main idea of the passage is_______.

A.to let us know taking away rubbish is a big job

B.to explain the need for rubbish collection

C.to introduce different ways to treat rubbish

D.to tell people to take useful things out of rubbish小题3:The underlined word "sewage" in the passage means_______.

A.污水

B.香肠

C.垃圾

D.粪便小题4: How should we take care of a used metal box according to the passage?

A.By burning it off.

B.By putting it in water.

C.By throwing it away.

D.By reusing and recycling it.

答案

小题1:A

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:D

题目分析:本文是如何处理城市垃圾的科普小论文,主要讲述了城市如何处理垃圾。

小题1:A 综合判断题。细读全文知道:本文是关于如何处理城市垃圾的小论文,故应在科普书中涉及,故选A。

小题2:C综合判断题。根据文章主要介绍了收集、燃烧、再利用等几种处理垃圾的方式方法,故选C。

小题3:A 词义推断题。根据这句话:The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.污水系统中带走了从厕所,浴缸和其他的地方来的用过的水,故选A。

小题4:D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal.有时金属在制造金属的工厂可再使用。故选D。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的作品,完成18—20题。

司马祠

一说到韩城,自然会想到司马迁。地以人传,由于崇敬司马迁,而对韩城心仪已久。在这次的游览的历程中。韩城的地势之高,城廓之阔,田园之丽,都给我留下深刻的印象。

韩城南边是一个有别于周围山原的盆地,绿树葱茏,良田万顷,疑是到了江南仙境。从这里流入黄河的芝水,使芝川有着天赐的好风水。与司马迁结缘的汉武帝,曾想长生不死,那些方士官宦之流投其所好,竟在这一带挖到了灵芝。汉武帝喜得瑞药,却也没能活到今天,只是由此将原名陶渠水的这条河更名为芝水了。过小石桥,穿木牌坊,踏上石砌的古道,便开始了仰望中的登攀。

脚下的古道是用宽大厚实的石条铺成的,粗砺坚硬,历经数千年而牢固如初。古道始建于春秋时期,韩、赵、魏三家分晋后,继续开凿了这条悬崖上的交通要道。楚汉之争,韩信经这儿运过兵;汉武帝祭祀后土,经这儿往返行宫;隋唐末年,李世民经这儿攻入长安;明末李自成经这儿渡龙门,直捣燕京。这条巨石铺砌的古道,缘于不易更改,万年不朽,是另一部书写在石头上的史记。太史公之前之后,这里上演过的金戈铁马的历史活剧,都被载入了有形无形的史册中。而这座历尽沧桑的司马祠,也正是在有形无形之中负载着史圣无形的精神内涵。

“高山仰止”,是《诗经》里的名句,嵌在这头顶的牌坊上,正好合了拜谒者的心情。这时,你的脚步已踏入了神道,登九十九级台阶,就可以抵达祠顶了。这条险峻的山脊,是后人垫沟筑起的,砖石砌成的九十九级台阶,用意取之于《易经》中的释义,九为数之极,九九则至高无上了。皇上的祖祠称九庙,官衔不算高的太史令却有九十九级的神道,确乎有造祠者藐视皇权之意,更具寓义的是说司马迁经受了多么坎坷曲折的磨难,才登上史圣之巅峰。他“以天地为量,不计小耻”,以“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”光照后世。

攀至最高层的祠院,地势开阔了。殿内有若干碑碣,奇妙的是那一块梦碑,说唐朝褚遂良于同州梦见一女子自称司马迁之侍妾,叫随清娱,迁遇难后忧伤而死,褚遂作此墓志铭。是实录还是虚幻,莫衷一是。造于北宋的司马迁泥塑像,不是宫刑后无胡须的“妇人像”,是据芝川乡间寻访到的太史公壮年线描画像塑造的,相传画像出自司马夫人之手,泥塑像面稍北望,是在想念苏武和李陵吧?传说司马迁去世后,是其夫人柳倩娘和子女,将太史公的骨骸运回故地,掩埋在这高岗上的。有种说法,身体发肤受之父母,得之天地,不能有丝毫损伤,司马迁受了宫刑,有辱祖先,不能埋入祖茔。这是谁的悲哀呢?我宁可认为,此处枕家山,临大河,气宇轩昂,一览众山小,是史圣最佳的长眠之处。寝宫后是司马迁圆形砖砌墓冢,为元世祖敕命建造的蒙古包状八卦墓,“以通神明之德,以类万物之情”,非大智大慧者莫属。墓顶一柏分为五指,人称五子登科,形若颤抖的五指,傲指苍穹。

这是天问!我听见史圣在歌唱。这歌声穿越古今,扬善弃恶,与大河一起歌舞。天空有雄鹰飞过,它读圆的墓冢,读方的祠院,读直的牌坊和山门,再读弧形的古石坡和小桥大路,这竟然是大地上一个巨大的问号。

17.下列对文章的理解,正确的两项是(4分)

A.汉武帝之所以与司马迁结缘,是因为在太史公的故乡挖到了投其所好的灵芝草

B.作者在文章中叙写韩城的人文历史和地理风貌,凸显的是史圣家乡的人杰地灵。

C.在作者看来,受了宫刑的司马迁死后不能埋入祖茔,这构成了史圣最大的悲哀。

D.类似于褚遂良的梦,本文的行文也呈现出一种虚虚实实。扑朔迷离的写作风格。E.文章融历史想象与现实感怀为一体,为这篇游记增添了几分厚重感与文化内涵。

18.第二段里的“仰望中的登攀”在文中的作用是什么?(2分)

19.文章侧重描述了司马祠哪些“有形”的部分?这些部分各自负载着什么与司马迁有关的“无形内涵”?(6分)

20.阅读文章最后一段,回答下面问题。(6分)

四个“读”字的运用,有什么丰富而深刻的含义?(3分)

单项选择题