问题 材料分析题

阅读材料和地图,完成下列各题。

材料1:小悦在非洲旅游时,沿途依次观赏到如下景观:狮子在草原上追逐动物;大象在雨林中悠闲地戏水;长颈鹿在啃食树上的叶子;骆驼队在沙漠中行走。

材料2:非洲小朋友妮比的日记摘录:“我的家乡在一个偏僻的山村,村庄北面是连绵的山地,覆盖着茂密的原始热带雨林。一条河流发源于北部山地,蜿蜒从西绕村庄向东南流去。村庄东面有一片盛擅,周围是大面积的可可种植园,我们村和全国各地一样,其他农作物很少,主要依靠出售可可的钱购买粮食和日用生活品……

材料3:非洲气候分布图(下图)。

(1)据材料1,判断小悦的旅游路线是沿上图所示的__________线路(A或B)。

(2)据材料2,判断妮比的家乡有可能在上图所示甲、乙、丙三地区中的________ 地区。妮比家乡所在国家的经济可能具有的基本特点是什么?

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(3)根据妮比的描述,按照地图的基本要素,设计合适的图例,绘制一幅妮比家乡的平面图(补画)

(4)乞力马扎罗山以“赤道雪峰”称奇,美国作家海明威曾以一句言简意赅的话形容此山:“犹如天地般恢宏宽广,雄奇壮伟,在阳光下洁白非凡。”请从地理的视角解释这一句话的含义。

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(5)黄金产量、出口量均居世界首位,将举办2010 年男足世界杯的非洲国家是______ 。

(6)撒哈拉以南的非洲地区经济落后,其主要原因是____________________ 。

答案

(1)A

(2)丙;经济落后(或单一商品为主的经济)

(3)略

(4)乞力马扎罗山位于东非高原上,海拔很高,显得气势雄伟,山顶气温低,常年积雪,在阳光下闪耀着白光(只要学生答出海拔高、气温低、有积雪即可)

(5)南非

(6)长期遭受殖民统治

阅读理解
A Simple Scientific Experiment
Below is a description of a single scientific experiment. It shows us how iron reacts ( 反应) with air and with water.
Aim : To find out if iron rusts( 生锈) (a) in dry air ; (b) in water that has no air in it ( air- free water) ; (c) in ordinary water.
Materials : 3 clean iron nails ( 铁钉) ; test tubes ; test tube holder ; cotton wool ; oil ; Bunsen burner.
Iron in dry air
Method
(1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube.
(2)Push some cotton wool down the tube.
(3)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
After one week, the nails have not rusted.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in dry air.
Iron in air-free water
Method
(1)Half-fill a test tube with water.
(2)Boil the water for three minutes. (This makes sure there is no air in the water.
(3)Put two or three clean nails in the water.
(4)Add some oil to the water. (This will keep air out of the water.)
(5) Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in air- free water.
Iron in ordinary water
Method
(1)Half –fill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails.
(2)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.
Conclusion
Iron rusts in ordinary water. (238 words)
小题1:In the first part of the experiment the cotton wool is most probably used to ______________.
A.keep the air dryB.keep the tube wet
C.make the nails rustD.keep the tube clean
小题2:What are necessary steps to make sure the water in the tube is air free?
①Leave half a tube of water in it              
②Boil the water for some time
③Put some clean iron nails in the tube           
④Add some oil to the water
A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④
小题3:We can conclude from the experiment that only ____________ makes iron rusty.
A.dry airB.cotton woolC.ordinary waterD.air-free water
单项选择题