问题 单项选择题

房间隔缺损的表现除外以下哪一项()

A.胸骨左缘第2、3肋间有收缩期杂音

B.右心房、右心室扩大

C.肺动脉段明显凸出,有肺门"舞蹈"

D.主动脉影不缩小

E.体格常瘦小

答案

参考答案:D

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面的题。(选做题)

  尽管李清照“才高学博,近代鲜伦”,又恰恰处在朝政腐败、社会动乱、四郊多垒、民不聊生的时代,但是作为一位上层妇女,她不可能为国为民建立其他功业,而凡是在当时条件下能够做到的,她都做出了最大限度的奉献。她的睿智和赤诚,在毫无功利目的情况下,全部倾注于各种形式的文学创作和著述。令人遗憾的是她原来卷帙富赡的文集多已散佚,留存至今的只是很少的一部分,真实可靠和较可靠的作品只有词五十来首,诗歌十五六首和少量的断句,文六七篇。

  然而,作家贡献和影响的大小并不完全取决于作品数量的多寡。李清照正是以她虽少却好的作品奠定了词坛大家的地位。人们将其列入“词家三李”之一,并有“男中李后主,女中李易安”的说法,仿佛除了李白和李煜没有第三个人能与她相提并论。“清照的《漱玉词》,每一首都是冰莹玉润,令人把玩不忍释手。有人说她的词如‘大珠小珠落玉盘’,这个比喻是很确切的”。“李清照是北宋末年最伟大的词人;她是乐府词坛最有力的健将,乐府词的发展,至她始达于最高的造诣与成功。她的词把她抬到文学史上最矜贵的一个地位,她的词不仅具有谐协的声律、美妙的字句,完成了词的形体美;而且能不露痕迹,自然地把她的意境情感在词里尽量表现出来。乐府词至李清照,其技巧与运用,可谓尽善尽美了。清照的词是最能够表现女性的优美的情调的。以前一切男性词人所代写的‘闺情’,所代写的‘妇人语’,放在清照面前,都要黯然失色。她没有一首词不是精金粹玉之作,她是太高绝一时了,庸才的作家是绝不能追得上的。无数的词人诗人,写着无数的离情闺怨的诗词;他们一大半是代女主人翁立言的,这一切的诗词,在清照之前,直如粪土似的无可评价”。“李清照词,其独到处,在既经音律锤炼之后,犹能出之以自然。此为前辈作家所未历之境。故李氏尝品题北宋词家及其制作,无一完善之评”。“她的词虽存四五十阕,然其天才之卓异,亦足震烁词坛,使人惊赏不止。她对于前辈作家,多致其不满之意,可见她当年眼界之高,几乎无一理想的作家,足供她的模型了。她的词最能表现出女性的美来,其幽媚婉柔流畅,机杼天成,非时辈所能企及”。“易安词在有宋诸名家中,自有其精神面目。晏殊之和婉,欧阳修之深美,张先之幽隽,柳永之绵博,苏轼之超旷,秦观之凄迷,晏几道之高秀,贺铸之瑰丽,举不足以限之。大抵于芬馨之中,有神骏之致,适以表现其胸怀襟韵,而早期灵秀,晚岁沉健,则又因年因境而异。而其善于铸寻常言语,善用成语,善用叠字至十四字之多,皆足以见其开辟之才也”。

  以上是对李清照词的部分较有代表性的评语,对其诗文成就及社会价值和地位的评价,则可以下述诸家评语为代表:“(李清照)自少年便有诗名,才力华赡,逼近前辈。在士大夫中已不多得,若本朝妇人,当推文采第一”;“本朝女妇之有文者,李易安为称首,诗之典赡,无愧于古之作者”;“(李易安)有才思,文章落纸,人争传之”;“(文叔之女)其文淋漓曲折,笔墨不减乃翁。‘中郎有女堪传业’,文叔之谓也”;“她在文学史上的地位,已经与伟大的骚人屈原,诗人陶潜、杜甫并垂不朽了。她不仅在女性里面是第一大作家,她的文名与作品,已经与世界永存了”;“李易安固不仅为妇女中之能文杰出者,即在各时代的诗人中,她所占的地位也不能在陶潜、李、杜及欧阳修、苏轼之下”;“李清照是宋代最伟大的一位女诗人,也是中国文学史上最伟大的一位女诗人,今所传的诗词不过寥寥数十首而已”。“在我国古代的文学史上,李清照可以说是女诗人中最为杰出的一个。长期的封建社会埋没了无数有才能的妇女。因此,我们应该特别重视李清照这样的作家。她的杰出的成就是我国封建社会妇女的才能不可磨灭的标志”;“历史上有名的女性,便单就中国而论,如像卓文君,如像蔡文姬,如像武则天,如像李清照,她们的才力也并不亚于男人,而她们之所以能够成人,乃至成为男性以上的人,就因为她们是不肯服从男性中心道德的叛逆的女性。”(选自陈祖美《李清照新传》有删节)

1.作为一代女词人,李清照在词的创作上做出了哪些贡献?请概括说明。

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2.前人对李清照诗文所具有的社会价值和地位有许多评价,其“社会价值”体现在哪些方面?请简要分析。

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3.评价认为,“易安词在有宋诸名家中,自有其精神面目”,你怎样看待这一评价?请联系全文,从某一个方面谈谈你的理解和看法。

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阅读理解

What can help you make a fortune in the future? Graduating from a top university might not be enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money you’ll earn later.

The idea that popularity could have a serious impact on one’s earning potential shouldn’t come as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.

“If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the ability to get along with others in all kinds of different situations,” said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who totally agreed with the recent finding. “Also, friends always help each other. They not only create wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally feel depressed,” said Xu. She believed that all this helps you “earn a higher salary”.

Maybe that’s why some people think the younger generations are in the age of Friendalholism(交友狂症). A woman even complained that the networking website Facebook’s 5,000-friend limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts.

But what does a friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?

“Call me uncool, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition of ‘friend’,” said Meghan Daum, who works with the Los Angeles Times in the US.

小题1:The new study from the University of Essex in Britain shows that _______.

A.if you have more friends you will not live happily

B.the more friends you have in school, the more money you’ll earn in your late life

C.the less friends you have, the poor lives you will live

D.friends can make more money for you小题2:According to Xu Yanchun, when you have lots of friends, it means________.

A.you have the ability to earn more money

B.you will not feel lonely

C.you are quite content with your life

D.you have the ability to get along with others in various situations小题3:What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.The passage mainly tells us something about the friendship.

B.Friendship plays a more important part in our daily life than anything else.

C.Friends are currency.

D.Friends give you success.小题4:We can learn from the passage that _______.

A.if you have more friends, you can make a fortune in the future

B.graduating from college means that you can make a fortune in the future

C.friends mean a form of currency

D.friends can make you wider social circle and make you feel better when you feel depressed