问题 材料题

自古以来,我国民间十分重视修订“家谱”。阅读下列材料:

材料一 家谱是一种以表谱形式,记载一个以血缘关系为主体的家族世系繁衍和重要人物事迹的特殊图书体裁,是中国特有的文化遗产。流传至今的家谱至少仍有三万多种,其内容之丰,价值之高,很值得我们今天去了解与认识。“隐恶扬善”是修纂家谱的一条基本原则。

材料二 在现代的侨乡家谱中,都普遍记录了不同时代出洋人的姓名……出洋时间与原因……同故乡故国的联系与贡献等内容。有些还辟有专章、专传介绍,这就为他们的后裔寻根问祖提供了可靠的根据,也就更增加了他们对故国故乡的依恋之情。

材料三 粱启超在《中国近三百年学术史》中说:“欲考族制组织法,欲考各时代各地方婚姻平均年龄,平均寿数,欲考父母两系遗传,欲考男女产生两性比例,欲考出生率与死亡率比较……等无数问题,恐除了族谱家谱外,更无他途可以得资料。”为此他提出广收家谱并对家谱进行研究。

请回答:

(1)依据材料一并结合所学知识,简析我国民间重视修订“家谱”的主要原因。简述家谱在中国传统社会发展中的作用。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

(2)依据材料二并结合现实,分析家谱在当今的作用。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

(3)依据上述材料,说说如何辩证地看待家谱的学术价值。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1)主要原因:受宗法制的传统影响,中国人重视血缘和家族观念;小农生产方式的影响。作用:凝聚亲族;弘扬正统观念;规范人际社会关系;巩固统治。

(2)作用:有利于增强中 * * 的凝聚力;有利于团结广大海外侨胞。

(3)家谱是中国特有的文化遗产;可以拓展史料来源;家谱隐恶扬善的笔法和孤证会影响其史料价值。

阅读理解

阅读理解

    In 1969 I was a young girl working in Toronto. I was from a small town in Ontario and had just

moved to the big city about three months earlier. It was one week before Christmas and I was going

home on the last streetcar of the evening.

   I remember looking at my paycheque(工资单) and asking myself how it was going to endure. At

that time in my life I hardly had enough money to exist on. Bread for supper and oatmeal for breakfast

was the only way I kept hunger at bay.

   I got off the streetcar and started walking up the street, when I suddenly noticed a man was running

after me. I stopped, turned around, seeing that he was black. I snapped, "What do you want?" The man

answered in a soft voice, "I am returning your wallet. You left it on the streetcar seat."

   Because of that man's thoughtfulness, I was allowed the comfort of going home by bus for the summer

holidays. Otherwise, I would have stayed alone in my small room with a hog plate.

   I have never been so ashamed of myself, and that poor, kind man had to walk, who knows how far,

home.

   I recognized immediately that this was wrong of me and it changed my ways forever.

1. What can we learn from the second paragraph?   

A. The writer had no job when the story happened. 

B. The writer were leaving the big city for her hometown. 

C. The writer had little money when the story happened. 

D. The writer's parents were very poor when she was young.

2. What does the underlined word "snapped" most probably mean?

A. To speak in a soft voice.

B. To shout angrily. 

C. To scream for help.

D. To whisper.

3. Why was the black man running after the writer?

A. To rob her.

B. To scare her. 

C. To make friends with her.

D. To return her wallet.

4. What is the writer trying to tell her readers? 

A. Never judge people by their appearance. 

B. She had been struggling to her success. 

C. She had changed a lot since that night. 

D. Being kind to strangers will pay back.

单项选择题