问题 单项选择题

患者年值52岁,月经紊乱,先期而至,经量多,色鲜红,头目眩晕耳鸣,头部面颊阵发性烘热,五心烦热,汗出,腰膝酸痛,足跟为著,皮肤瘙痒,口干便坚,尿少色黄,舌红少苔,脉细数。最佳的治法是()

A.益气养阴

B.清热养阴

C.清热凉血

D.滋养肾阴,佐以潜阳

E.益肾宁心

答案

参考答案:D

解析:考点:1.定义:妇女在绝经期前后,围绕月经紊乱或绝经而出现如烘热汗出、烦躁易怒、潮热面红、眩晕耳鸣,心悸失眠、腰背酸楚、面浮肢肿、皮肤蚁行样感、情志不宁等症状,称为"绝经前后诸证"。2.辨证论治①肾阴虚证--主症:绝经前后,月经紊乱,月经提前量少或量多,或崩或漏,经色鲜红,头目晕眩,耳鸣,头部面颊阵发性烘热,汗出,五心烦热,腰膝酸疼,足跟疼痛,或皮肤干燥、瘙痒,口干便结,尿少色黄,舌红少苔;脉细数。治法:滋养肾阴,佐以潜阳。主方:左归丸合二至丸加制首乌、龟甲。②肾阳虚证--主症:经断前后,经行量多,经色淡黯,或崩中漏下,精神萎靡,面色晦黯,腰背冷痛,小便清长,夜尿频数,或面浮肢肿,舌淡,或胖嫩边有齿印,苔薄白,脉沉细弱。治法:温肾扶阳。主方:右归丸加减。③肾阴阳俱虚证--主症:经断前后,月经紊乱,量少或多,乍寒乍热,烘热汗出,头晕耳鸣,健忘,腰背冷痛,舌淡,苔薄,脉沉弱。治法:阴阳双补。主方:二仙汤合二至丸加菟丝子、何首乌、龙骨、牡蛎。3.药物组成二仙汤:仙茅、仙灵脾、巴戟天、当归、盐知母、盐黄柏。

单项选择题
阅读理解

In the Netherlands,cycling isn't seen as eccrfriendly exercise; it's part of everyday life, as it's people's top choice to school and work. There are more bicycles than residents in the Netherlands. In cities like Amsterdam and The Hague, up to 70 percent of all journeys are made by bike.

So how did cycling become such a popular means of transportation in the European country?

In the 1970s, the Dutch government began to improve its cycling infrastructure(基础设施)due to both a social movement demanding safer cycling condition for children and the oil crisis in the Middle East, when oil producing countries stopped their exports to Western Europe.

To make cycling safer and more appealing, the Dutch have built the widest cycling net- work in the world. The country has over 40,000 kilometers of bicycle lanes and paths,which are clearly marked. They have smooth surfaces,separate signs and lights for those on two wheels. The lanes are wide enough to allow side-by-side cycling and passing.

In many cities the bike lanes are completely segregated(隔离的)from motorized traffic. And in many traffic situations cyclists are given priority(优先权)over drivers. Sometimes, where space is limited and both must share, you can see signs showing an image of a cyclist with a car behind accompanied by the words "Bike Street:Cars are guests".

As young people aren't allowed to drive alone until they are 18,cycling offers Dutch teen- agers an alternative form of freedom. The government also makes cycling training lessons a compulsory part of the Dutch school curriculum(课程).

Bike parking facilities are ubiquitous in the country. Cyclists are accommodated in the way motorists are elsewhere. Take Groningen, a city in the northeastern part of the Netherlands,for example. The city's central train station has underground parking for 10,000 bikes.

小题1:We can conclude that in the Netherlands cycling is____.

A.regarded as eco-friendly exercise

B.thought of as part of people's life

C.looked on as a way to lose weight

D.considered as a way to entertain小题2:What can we learn about the Netherlands from the first paragraph?

A.Most vehicles the Dutch use are buses.

B.The native people cycle the best in the world.

C.Everyone has one bike on average in the Netherlands.

D.The number of bikes is larger than the population there.小题3:Which of the following made the government improve the cycling infrastructure?

A.A large number of bikes.

B.Hope for healthy life style.

C.People's preference to bikes.

D.Children's safety demand and lack of oil.小题4:The underlined word "ubiquitous" in the last paragraph means“_,,.

A.high quality

B.unique

C.very common

D.special小题5:What does the Dutch government do about teenagers cycling?

A.It makes cycling covered by school education.

B.It encourages teenagers to cycle alone.

C.It will watch over teenagers who ride bikes.

D.It suggests teenagers cycling before driving.