问题 单项选择题 配伍题

对左心功能判断最有价值()

A.超声心动图检查

B.X线心脏三位片检查

C.冠状动脉及心室造影检查

D.漂浮导管检查

E.心电图运动负荷试验检查

答案

参考答案:D

解析:对冠心病诊断最有价值的检查为冠状动脉造影,它可以直接了解到冠状动脉的解剖结构,病变位置及程度,并直接提供治疗依据。超声心动图检查,胸部X线心脏三位片及漂浮导管检查虽然可协助对冠心病的诊断;临床上常用的心电图运动负荷试验是诊断冠心病的重要方法,但其价值不如冠状动脉造影。漂浮导管检查可测定肺毛细血管楔压,直接反映出左心室舒张末压,是了解左心功能的最直接最正确的方法。超声心动图检查是目前临床上最常用的无创测定心功能的方法,其结果与漂浮导管所测的结果有很好的相关性,值得在临床上推广使用。胸部X线心脏三位片,冠状动脉造影及心电图运动负荷试验对心功能的评定只能起到参考辅助作用。冠状动脉造影可清晰地显示左、右冠状动脉及其主要分支的影像。可发现各支动脉狭窄病变的部位并估计其程度。管腔直径减少50%即可诊断冠心病,减少70%~75%及以上会严重影响供血,故是诊断冠心病最直接、最准确的检查手段。床旁漂浮导管经静脉插管直至肺动脉,测定心脏各部位的压力,计算心脏指数(CI)及肺动脉楔压(PCWP),直接反映左心功能。当临床表现难以鉴别是左心衰竭还是肺部感染所致呼吸困难,用此检查方法可测得PCWP,高于正常值(<12mmHg),尤其达18mmHg以上可确诊为左心衰竭,而肺部感染PCWP正常。

完形填空
完形填空。

     For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping-watching TV and buying things by phone. Now
teleshopping is  1  in Europe. In a number of European countries, people  2  rurn on their TVs and shop for
clothes,jewelry, food, and many other things.
    Teleshopping is becoming  3  in Europe. The biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on
TV in European countries,and in one year it can  4  about $100 million. In France there are two teleshopping 
 5 , and the French spend about $20 million a year buying things  6  these channels. In Germany, teleshopping
was only one channel for an hour every day last year. Now the government  7  opening other channels for
teleshopping,including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company.
German businessmen hope this new teleshopping will help them sell  8  things.
     Some people like teleshopping  9  they can do some shopping without leaving their homes, espccially in
the  10  with heavy traffic.  11  at the same time,other Europeans do not like this new way of shopping. They
call teleshopping "Junk  12 ".They usually  13  the quality of the things sold on TV.
     The  14  for high quality makes the European teleshopping companies have to be different from the
American companies.  15  will have to be more careful about the quality of the things they sell if they want
to make money.

( )1. A. changing  
( )2. A. can    
( )3. A. easy    
( )4. A. save    
( )5. A. channels  
( )6. A. through  
( )7. A. suggest  
( )8. A. least   
( )9. A. when    
( )10. A. streets  
( )11. A. So    
( )12. A. on the air
( )13. A. look at  
( )14. A. need   
( )15. A. You    
B. producing 
B. muat    
B. popular  
B. earn    
B. companies 
B. on     
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B. most    
B. until   
B. cities   
B. But    
B. in the air 
B. laugh at  
B. decision  
B. We     
C. creating      
C. need         
C. pleasant      
C. spend       
C. business      
C. in           
C. allow       
C. less         
C. because      
C. roads       
C. Therefore    
C. by air        
C. worry about   
C. interest      
C. They         
D. starting   
D. should     
D. fair       
D. lose       
D. stations   
D. with       
D. accept     
D. more       
D. unless     
D. villages   
D. Or                          
D. off the air
D. talk about 
D. rule       
D. I          
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