下述急性胆道感染常见的严重并发症中，应排除（）
A.急性坏死性胰腺炎
B.硬化性胆管炎
C.胆道出血
D.感染性休克
E.肝脓肿
参考答案：B
解析：胆道感染常由于胆道结石和肿瘤等引起的胆道狭窄而导致胆管完全或不完全梗阻，梗阻后胆管内压力升高，胆管扩张，胆管内致病菌繁殖生长，导致感染。梗阻和感染使胆管壁充血、水肿、增厚，黏膜溃疡，胆道出血；胆管腔内充满脓性胆汁或脓液，脓性胆汁和细菌可逆行入肝窦，造成肝脏急性化脓性感染，并发多发性胆源性细菌性肝脓肿。少数可发生脓性胆栓穿越破碎的肝细胞进入肝静脉，再进入肺，引起肺胆砂性血栓。大量细菌和毒素进入血液，可发展成败血症、感染性休克、急性胰腺炎和多器官功能衰竭。
When people in the U.S. have company or when they're invited to (formal or informal)get-together, they usually make a point of trying to make others feel comfortable and relaxed.On the whole, they tend to be informal. Men shake hands, but usually only when they're introduced. Male friends and business associate who haven't seen each other in a while may shake hands when they say hello. Women usually don't shake hands when being introduced to each other. When a woman and man are introduced, shaking hands is up to the woman. Americans rarely shake hands to say goodbye, except on business occasions. American women are used to being independent. They are used to going to places by themselves, making their own money, and often living alone. Sometimes they will ask men for help, but they usually don't want to be protected. Since the women's movement started, it's not always clear whether women expect men to open doors or help them into their coats. American women may start conversations with men or even ask them to dance. There are a lot of Americans who don't smoke or drink, and many who don't want people to do those things in their houses. It's always best to ask for permission before you,bring alcohol to a dinner or before you light up a cigarette, if you are with people you don't ,know very well. Non-smokers have become more militant (好战的) about smoking in public places. Many restaurants, for example, have set up special areas for smokers. House guests may bring gifts when they come to visit, and they often offer to help in some way. As a guest, you may want to ask your host or hostess if there's anything you can do to help in the kitchen. In many cases, the gesture is more important than actually helping. 小题1:"…the gesture is more important than actually helping." Here "gesture" means_________.
A. How to visit an American family B. When American women's movement started C. American women are independentD Non-smokers hate smoking in public places. 小题4: Which one is NOT right? ________________. A None of Americans want people to smoke or drink in their houses B Many Americans don’t smoke or drink C Many special areas for smokers have been set up in the US D It’s best to ask before you smoke in America |