阅读理解。

     It was a Sunday morning. Peter, a seven-year-old boy, watched TV in the room while his brother Bill did

his homework. Their father watered the flowers in the garden and their mother went out to do some shopping.

At ten the woman came back with a heavy basket. Peter ran up to her. He wanted to know what his mother

bought. He found a bag of oranges in it. He liked them very much and wanted to eat. His mother stopped him.

She gave five to each son and went to the kitchen (厨房). Peter ate his oranges soon but his brother was busy(忙) finishing his homework and didn't touch his. Suddenly (突然) the telephone rang and Bill ran to answer it.

Bill's friend asked him to play football with them. And when Bill talked with his friend, Peter took two of his

oranges away and ate them. Bill found it and called him out and beat (打) him behind the house. He didn't tell

his parents about it.

     The next morning Miss Ball taught her class subtraction (减法). Peter didn't hear what she said and couldn't

understand it. So he couldn't answer her questions. She began to give him an example, "If your brother has

five nuts and you take two from him, what will the result (结果) be?" "He'll beat me, madam," answered the

boy. All his classmates began to laugh.

1. How many people are there in Peter's family?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

2. How many oranges did Peter eat?

A. Five.

B. Six.

C. Seven.

D. Ten.

3. Miss Ball was Peter's ________ teacher.

A. Chinese

B. maths

C. English

D. Physics

4. Why didn't Peter tell his parents that his brother beat him?

A. Because he knew he was wrong.

B. Because he was afraid of his brother.

C. Because his father didn't like him.

D. Because his mother let Bill to do so.

5. Peter couldn't answer the teacher's question because________.

A. he was stupid (蠢笨)

B. he didn't listen to the teacher carefully

C. he was weak (差) in maths

D. he pretended(假装) to be a fool (傻瓜)

一、注意事项　　1．申论考试，与传统作文考试不同，是对分析驾驭材料的能力、解决问题能力、语言表达能力的测试。　　2．作答参考时限：阅读材料40分钟，作答110分钟。　　3．仔细阅读给定的资料，按照后面提出的“申论要求”依次作答。　　二、给定资料 　　人类为了生存和发展，不断地向地球索取，土地被种植，矿藏被开发，森林被砍伐，野生动物被捕杀……地球为人类作出了巨大的贡献，而地球又收获了什么呢欧洲产业革命推进了工业文明，但是“地狱一般的阴森森的烟气，像西西里火山和巴尔干神殿似的笼罩伦敦”“伦敦周围的果树不结果，树叶也纷纷凋谢、生长发育中的孩子有半数两岁以下夭折。”由此可见，产业革命造成的大气污染给人类健康发展带来了危害，人类为片面追求经济发展，竟以破坏自己的生存环境为代价。现在越来越多的人们已经意识到保护环境，实施可持续发展的重要性。　　长期以来，不论是发达国家还是发展中国家，都把发展经济列为首要任务，把更多的精力放在如何向生态环境索取资源上，世界环境正遭受前所未有的破坏。　　过去100年，全球近一半湿地消失。水坝等设施切断了全球近60％的主要河流，导致20％的淡水鱼灭亡或接近灭亡。近一半森林消失，热带雨林砍伐正在以惊人的速度上升，9％的树种处于灭亡的危险边缘。捕鱼活动严重泛滥，70％的鱼类数量在不断减少。2/3农业用地土质大幅度下降，1/3的原始森林被开发成农业用地。　　世界土壤流失为每年250亿吨。亚洲、非洲和南美洲，每公顷土地每年损失表土30～40吨，情况相对较好的美国和欧洲，每公顷土地每年损失表土17吨，按后者计算，每年损失的表土比形成的表土多16倍。我国是世界上水土流失最严重的国家之一。目前全国水土流失总面积已达170万平方公里，每年流失土壤总量达50亿吨，仅黄土高原每年因水土流失带走的氮、磷、钾就约4000万吨，相当于全国每年生产的化肥总量。全国200多个贫困县中的87％分布在水土流失严重的区域，水土流失直接导致土地荒漠化的发展。　　中国有1.7亿人口受荒漠化的危害和威胁，大量农田和草地受到荒漠化危害，每年因荒漠化造成的直接经济损失高达160亿元～250亿元。我国北方地区沙漠面积约为110万平方公里，加上沙漠化土地面积达153.5万平方公里，占国土面积的15.9%。过去50年我国耕地累计减少42万平方公里，且土地质量明显下降。环境退化和人为滥占耕地，使我国近13亿人口赖以生存的沃土和耕地不断减少。土之不存，人将焉附水土流失和荒漠化事态非常严峻。　　近十年来，全世界每年产生4.9亿吨垃圾中，中国城市占1.3亿吨，中国城市垃圾产生量以平均每年6.8%的速度增长，688座城市中已有2/3被垃圾带所包围，全国垃圾存占地累计达75万亩。　　全国700余条河流，总长约10万公里，已有46.5%的河水受到污染，10.6%的河水严重污染，水体己丧失使用价值，90%以上的城市水域污染严重，全国有1/4的人口饮用不合卫生标准的水。　　(8)草原退化面积达10亿亩，目前仍以每年2000多万亩的速度退化。生物物种加速灭绝。建国以来，湖泊减少500多个，面积缩小约1.86万平方公里，占现有面积的26.3%。　　(9)每年环境污染造成的损失大约1030亿元人民币，相当于国民生产总值10％左右。其中：水质污染500亿元，大气污染200亿元，生态环境破坏和自然灾害损失200亿元，其他污染如固体排放、噪声污染等造成的损失高达130亿元。

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