问题
选择题
_______the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A．No passing
B．Having passed
C．Not passing
D．Not having passed
答案
答案：D
考察非谓语动词.句意:没有通过考试,这个男孩收到了他父亲的惩罚.现在分词表示正在进行的伴随性动作,和句子主语是主谓关系. 如果动作发生在谓语动词之前,则要用完成事态的现在分词,故选D.