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棉花叶片的功能?

答案

参考答案:⑴光合作用。棉叶是主要的光合器官,是棉株生长所需有机养料的主要供应源。子叶的光合生产率(净同化率)随其叶面积的扩展而递增,叶面积定型后随日龄增加呈直线下降。真叶的光合生产率,约为每天每平方分米100~150毫克,其功能期可维持9~10周,一般早熟品种和中熟品种的最高光合强度常出现于盛蕾至初花期,而晚熟品种则出现于盛花期。经调查,棉花主茎叶的光合强度高于果枝叶;主茎叶的光合产物中,蛋白质所占比例较高,较适合于枝叶等营养生长的需要;而果枝叶的光合产物中,碳水化合物占绝大多数,其碳氮比例更适合于蕾铃等生殖生长的需要。⑵蒸腾作用。棉根从土壤中吸水,经过茎输送到叶片,最后从叶片的气孔向外蒸腾散失。其重大作用有三点:1)蒸腾作用可使叶片细胞保持最合适的膨压,以利光合作用和正常生长。2)促进矿质养分的吸收和向枝叶运输。3)通过蒸腾降低棉株体温,以免烈日灼伤。在炎热的夏天,保持正常膨压的棉叶,其蒸腾速率比萎蔫棉叶均快25倍,叶温也相应低5℃~6℃。一般供水充足的棉株,其叶温比气温可低3℃~4℃,利于高温季节生理活动的正常进行。棉叶的蒸腾受气孔制约,在正常情况下,白天气孔曝光后张开,开始蒸腾,夜晚气孔关闭,蒸腾基本停止。⑶贮存作用。棉叶经光合作用合成葡萄糖,很快转变成淀粉,暂时贮存在细胞内,晚间,淀粉分解为可溶性糖运出叶外,此外,叶片中还可暂时贮存甘露醇等其它物质,与其他器官相比,棉叶中贮存的碳水化合物最多。待棉叶衰老时,叶片中的贮存物质和部分结构物质加速向其他器官转移,然后枯黄脱落。⑷吸收作用。棉叶表皮层的气孔、角质层都有一定的吸收功能,且吸收速率相当快,在生产中,常通过喷洒内吸性农药防治病虫害,施用生长调节剂以促控棉花生长,喷施微量元素肥料等以补充棉株矿质营养,尤其是棉花生育后期,根系吸收机能减退,根外追肥效果更好。

单项选择题
单项选择题

The day was star-crossed: Friday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second looming anniversary of a devastating market crash. "I’m telling you, psychology is really funny. People get crazy in situations like that," said portfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day, the Dow Jones industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final hour of trading.

The Bush Administration moved swiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market closed. Declared Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady: "It’s important to recognize that today’s stock market decline doesn’t signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy remains well balanced, and the outlook is for continued moderate growth." But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcommittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this week on the stock market slide. Said he: "This is the second heart attack. My hope is that before we have the inevitable third heart attack, we pay attention to these problems."

Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for the latest shipwreck. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Friday, ranging from signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troubles in the junk-bond market that has fueled major takeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a $6.75 billion labor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest U. S. carrier.

On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the market had reached such dizzying heights that a correction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wave of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more than 1,000 points since the 1987 crash. But by last August some Wall streeters were clearly worried.

The heaviest blow to the market came Friday afternoon. In a three-paragraph statement, UAL said a labor-management group headed by Chairman Stephen Wolf had failed to get enough financing to acquire United. Several banks had apparently balked at the deal, which was to be partly financed through junk bonds. The take-over group said it would submit a revised bid "in the near term,’ but the announcement stunned investors who had come to view the United deal as the latest sure thing in the 1980s buyout binge. Said John Downey, a trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange: "The airline stocks have looked like attractive takeover targets. But with the United deal in trouble, everyone started to wonder what other deals might not go through.

The main reason for the latest crisis in stock market as pointed out by the writer lies in()

A.the perception of inflation

B. the collapse of confidence

C. the failure of a buyout deal

D. the correction of a market