阅读理解。
President Coolidge's statement, "The business of America is business," still points to an important
truth today-that business institutions have more prestige(威望)in American society than any other kind
of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition
than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself,
it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity,
and hard work are protected.
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly(垄断)of
power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for
profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to
competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the
customers' dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.
A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a
monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of
freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business
leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important,
than democracy in preserving freedom.
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition
is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social
class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank
based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of
opportunity rather than the noble idea of inherited privilege.
1.The statement "The business of America is business" probably means "________".
A. The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce
B. Business problems are of great importance to the American government
C. Business is of primary concern to Americans
D. America is a great power in world business
2. Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only ________.
A. when given equality of opportunity
B. through doing business
C. by protecting their individual freedom
D. by way of competition
3. Who can benefit from business competition?
A. Honest businessmen.
B. Both businessmen and their customers.
C. People with ideals of equality and freedom.
D. Both business institutions and government.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _________.
A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries
B. in many countries success often depends on one's social status
C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
