问题 单项选择题 配伍题

精神分裂症患者海马和前额皮层内NAAG水平升高,与其联系的酶NAAL-ADase含量下降()

A.多巴胺功能亢进假说

B.去甲肾上腺素假说

C.第二信使系统假说

D.谷氨酸生化假说

E.多巴胺系统和谷氨酸系统功能不平衡假说

答案

参考答案:D

解析:(3)苯丙胺的药理作用是在突触部位抑制DA的再摄取,使受体部位DA的含量增高。苯丙胺能引起精神分裂症阳性症状,支持DA功能亢进假说。N-乙酰基化α-酸性二肽酶(NAALADase)存在于谷氨酸神经元内,使神经元内的谷氨酸化合物NAAG分解为烟酰胺(NAA)和谷氨酸。精神分裂症患者海马和前额皮层内NAAG水平升高,与其联系的酶NAALA-Dase含量下降,支持精神分裂症患者在某些局部有谷氨酸化合物及其代谢酶通路的神经生化病理。刺激DA机制可增加感觉输入和警觉水平,皮层纹状体谷氨酸系统则相反,起抑制作用,故有学者认为,精神分裂症可能由于皮层下DA功能和谷氨酸系统的不平衡所致。

完形填空

阅读下面的短文,按要求完成所给任务。(共5小题,计10分)

Reading is a very good hobby for all the students. You can know much about the world ①_____ the help of all kinds of books. I’m sure everyone has a favorite subject. For example, some are interested in animals, some in history, and some are interested in literature. Mine is science. I like ②___it___ because it’s fun and educational.

My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days.③It was written by Jules Verne ,a French writer. Jules Verne was regarded as father of Modern Science Fiction because he devoted(奉献) himself to literature and wrote several ④wellknown scientific romances.

The exciting story of Around the World in Eighty Days tells us about an English gentleman whose name is Mr. Phileas Fogg , He travels around the world in eighty days. From the story, we can see the writer’s love for the sea, traveling and adventure(冒险).In fact, they played an important role in his life.⑤多亏了the writer’s imagination, language skills and scientific and geographical(地理的) knowledge, we can feel as if we were there when we read the story.

小题1:根据上下文写出①处所缺的单词。          ______________

小题2:写出②处划线单词所指代的内容。          ______________

小题3:将③处改为主动语态。

Jules Verne, the French writer _________ the novel Around the World in Eighty Days.

小题4:写出④处划线单词的同义词。              ______________

小题5:将⑤处划线汉语翻译成英语。              ______________

单项选择题