问题
单项选择题
上级机关根据有关的方针、政策和法律法规，依据自身的职权，针对下级机关的请示事项所作的书面形式的答复它表达了领导机关对下级机关要开展某项工作或者处置某种事项所持的态度，或指示性意见因此，它具有强制约束力和严肃郑重性，并有很强的针对性和结论性，受文者必须贯彻执行这种公文的文种是（）
A.批示
B.决定
C.意见
D.批复
答案
参考答案：D
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上级机关根据有关的方针、政策和法律法规，依据自身的职权，针对下级机关的请示事项所作的书面形式的答复它表达了领导机关对下级机关要开展某项工作或者处置某种事项所持的态度，或指示性意见因此，它具有强制约束力和严肃郑重性，并有很强的针对性和结论性，受文者必须贯彻执行这种公文的文种是（）
A.批示
B.决定
C.意见
D.批复
参考答案：D
| The conception of God and nature and of the relation of man to both provided the 18th- century philosophers with their faith in the worth and dignity of the individual man and the efficacy of human reason. The 18th century was the moment in history when men experienced the first flush and freshness of the idea that man is master of his own fate; the moment in history, also, when this emancipating idea, not yet brought to the harsh test of experience, could be accepted with unclouded optimism. Never had the nature seemed less mysterious, more simply constructed, more open and visible and eager to yield its secrets to common-sense questions. Never had the nature of man seemed less perverse, or the intelligence and will of men more pliable (yielding) to rational persuasion. Never had social and political evils seemed so wholly the result of ignorance and superstition, or so easily corrected by the spread of knowledge and the construction of social institutions on a rational plan. The first task of political science was to discover the natural rights of man, the second to devise the form of government best suited to secure them. And for accomplishing this high task, for creating and maintaining a society founded on justice and equality, the essential freedom was freedom of the mind. |
The "emancipating idea" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to the idea that ______ .
A．man is master of his own fate
B．men experienced the first idea
C．history is made up of moments
D．the first idea was flush and fresh