问题 问答题

说明质量管理体系认证的特征。

答案

参考答案:

(1)由具有第三方公正地位的认证机构进行客观的评价,作出结论,若通过则颁发认证证书。审核人员要具有独立性和公正性,以确保认证工作客观公正地进行。

(2)认证的依据是质量管理体系的要求标准,即GB/T19001,而不能依据质量管理体系的业绩改进指南标准即GB/T19004来进行,更不能依据具体的产品质量标准。

(3)认证过程中的审核是围绕企业的质量管理体系要求的符合性和满足质量要求和目标方面的有效性来进行。

(4)认证的结论不是证明具体的产品是否符合相关的技术标准,而是质量管理体系是否符合ISO9001即质量管理体系要求标准,是否具有按规范要求,保证产品质量的能力。

(5)认证合格标志,只能用于宣传,不能将其用于具体的产品上。

填空题
单项选择题

Japan’s old imperial army never went into the field without a group of "comfort women" for the troops. Many male office workers in modern Japan (and in Japanese branches abroad) seem to think they are still at war. Women workers, even those with university degrees, are expected to do all the humble tasks: greet the visitors, make the tea, tidy up the office afterwards and then leave the firm as soon as they get married and have a child. Come party time, they are often pressed into behaving like bar hostesses.

The fort of Japanese male chauvinism-the old guard of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party—has unintentionally done more than most to change all that. The sex scandal that marked the brief prime ministership of Mr. Sosuke Uno last summer outraged many women, and helped the, opposition to its success in the upper-house election in July. Mr. Uno is forgotten, but the resentment (怨恨) of women about their treatment at the hands of men lingers (逗留) on. Over the past few months Japanese women have started campaigning much more vigorously for laws to protect them from sexual bothering at work.

Japan’s first lawsuit claiming sexual bothering opened last week in a city court in Fukuoka. A 32-year-old woman, whose name has been kept from being known (another first), is seeking about $26000 in damages from her former boss and the publishing company she worked for. She claims his sexual hints forced her to leave the company and give up her career. She stakes her claim on the ground, among others, that her rights under Article 14 of the Japanese Constitution were violated; this guarantees equal treatment for the sexes.

Women’s lobbying groups have been springing up all over Japan. The lead has been taken by lawyers at the Second Bar Association in Tokyo. Last month the association held a call-in for women to expose their grievances. Its telephone lines were jammed for six hours. By the end of the session, some 137 formal complaints had been registered. "Nearly 40% of them were from women who had been compelled to have sexual relations with their superiors at work, " says Miss Shizuko Sugii, a lawyer with the bar association. Ten of the cases have since been classified as rape or attempted rape.

Women’s social position in Japan today is ().

A. very low

B. comparatively high

C. high enough

D. as high as that of Japanese men