问题 问答题 简答题

新《税收征管法》对税务机关及其工作人员违法行为的处罚是如何规定的?

答案

参考答案:

新《税收征管法》对税务机关因违法行政应承担责任的内容作了增加或补充。税务机关及其工作人员违法行政的法律责任主要有:

1、混库的责任(第76条)。各级国税局和地税局应按国家规定的税收征收管理范围和税款入库预算级次,将征收的税款缴入国库。税务机关违反规定擅自改变税收征收管理范围和税款入库预算级次的,责令限期改正,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予降级或者撤职的行政处分。

2、犯罪行为不移交责任(第77条)。对纳税人、扣缴义务人有违反税法涉嫌犯罪行为的,税务机关应依法移送司法机关追究刑事责任。税务人员徇私舞弊,对依法应当移交司法机关追究刑事责任的不移交,情节严重的,依法追究刑事责任。因此,税务稽查部门对税务违法案件涉嫌犯罪的,要及时移送司法机关处理,不能以罚代刑,否则要追究法律责任。

3、扩大查封、扣押范围的责任(第79条)。税务机关、税务人员不得查封、扣押纳税人个人及其所扶养家属维持生活必需的住房和用品,违反的,应责令退还,依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。因此,在实施税收保全措施和强制执行措施时应当非常慎重。

4、勾结、唆使或协助纳税人、扣缴义务人偷税、妨碍追缴欠税和骗取出口退税责任(第80条)。税务人员勾结、唆使或者协助纳税人、扣缴义务人偷税、妨碍追缴欠税和骗取出口退税的,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;尚不构成犯罪的,依法给予行政处分。

5、受贿和索贿责任(第81条)。构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;尚不构成犯罪的,依法给予行政处分。

6、徇私舞弊或玩忽职守责任(第82条)。构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;尚不构成犯罪的,依法给予行政处分。

7、滥用职权、故意刁难责任(第82条)。对滥用职权,故意刁难纳税人的,调离税收工作岗位,依法给予行政处分。

8、打击报复责任(第82条)。税务人员对控告、检举税收违法违纪行为的纳税人、扣缴义务人以及其他检举人进行打击报复的,依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。 

9、违法征收农业税的责任(第82条)。税务人员违反法律、行政法规的规定,故意高估或者低估农业税计税产量,致使多征或者少征税款,侵犯农民合法权益或损害国家利益,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;尚不构成犯罪的,依法给予行政处分。 

10、提前征收、延缓征收或摊派税款责任(第83条)。对违反法律、行政法规的规定提前征收、延缓征收或者摊派税款的,由其上级机关或者行政监察机关责令改正,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分。因此,今后,我们在税款征收时处理要谨慎,不能随便越权同意缓缴税款、也不得提前征收税款。这样规定,是为确保贯彻依法治税,做到应收尽收,不收过头税。 

11、擅自作出开征、停征或减、免、退、补税的责任(第84条)。撤销其擅自作出的决定,补征应征未征税款,退还不应征收而征收的税款,并由上级机关追究直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员的行政责任;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。 

12、未实施回避责任(第85条)。税务人员征收税款和查处税收违法案件,与纳税人、扣缴义务人或者税收违法案件有利害关系的,应当回避。未按规定进行回避的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员,依法给予行政处分。 

13、未保密责任(第87条)。未按照本法规定为纳税人、扣缴义务人、检举人保密的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员,由所在单位或者有关单位依法给予行政处分。这充分体现了对纳税人合法权益的有效保护。

单项选择题 案例分析题

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu (流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.

The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses—flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.

But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.

Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.

The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.

Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症),a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.

There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.

 

If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents ()

A.are advised not to give them aspirin

B.should watch out for signs of Reye syndrome

C.are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination

D.should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever

单项选择题