问题 问答题 简答题

试述血胸的病理生理改变。

答案

参考答案:

血胸发生后,不仅因丢失血容量而出现内出血征象,而且随着胸膜腔内血液的积聚和压力的增高,迫使肺萎陷,并将纵隔推向健侧,因而严重地影响呼吸和循环功能。胸膜腔内的积血,由于肺、心和膈肌运动起着去纤维蛋白作用,多不凝固。如短期内大量积血,去纤维蛋白的作用不完善,即可凝固成血块。血块机化后,形成纤维组织束缚肺和胸廓,限制呼吸运动,损害呼吸功能。血液是细菌的良好培养液。从伤口或肺破裂处进入的细菌,在积血中很快滋生繁殖。故胸膜腔积血如不及时排出,容易并发感染,形成脓胸。

阅读理解

An armless pianist who plays with his toes has won the first series of China’s version of the internationally popular TV talent show, “China’s Got Talent.”

Liu Wei, a 23-year-old Beijing-born pianist, who lost both his arms at the aged of 10 when he was electrocuted(触电)during a game of hide-and-seek. Liu Wei stayed in rehabilitation(康复)centre for 2 years. When he got out, he was introduced to Beijing’s disabled swimming team, and he managed to take 2 gold medals in the National Disabled Swimming Championship at the aged of 14. But soon he was told not to do too much sport by the doctor.

Liu Wei was very sad. Luckily, the door was shut on sports, but it opened in music. At the age of 18, he started to learn the piano. He could not find a teacher to lead him to play with his toes, so he began teaching himself. Liu said, “I knew if I tried, I might get a chance at success. If I didn’t try, I would lose my future.”

He carried on a daily 7-hour practice, his improvement gave him hope. He kept practicing and made progress gradually. In early 2011, he gave a memorable performance in Vienna’s Golden Concert Hall. In 2012, he received the award “Top Ten People Who Moved China”.

小题1:Liu Wei lost both his arms when he was______ years old.

A. 10                       B. 14                       C. 23

小题2:Besides playing the piano, Liu Wei is also good at _______.

A. playing games

B. learning from others

C. armless swimming

小题3:Liu Wei was taught by ________ to play the piano with toes.

A. his teacher                 B. his mother                   C. himself

小题4:The sentence “The door was shut on sports, but it opened in music” means that Liu Wei ______.

A. lost the future of music

B. got other chances at success

C. couldn’t do sports

小题5:The best title of this passage is “_________”

A. One is never too old to learn

B. Time and tide wait for no man

C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way

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