问题 问答题 简答题

肾功能减退氮质血症期、肾功能衰竭期、尿毒症期,GFR、BUN、Cre有何变化?

答案

参考答案:

①肾储备能力丧失期:GFR减少至30~60ml/min,血肌酐、尿素氮通常比正常范围轻微增高;

②氮质血症期:GFR减少至25ml/min左右,氮质血症,肌酐>177umol/L、血尿素氮>7.0mmol/L;

③肾功能衰竭期:GFR<10ml/min,血肌酐>442umol/L、血尿素氮>17.9-21.4mmol/L;

④尿毒症期:GFR<10ml/min,血肌酐、尿素氮显著升高,水电解质失调严重。

阅读理解

Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.

All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at computer results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.

However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing, or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.

There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.

小题1: The new products become more and more time-saving because       .

A.the manufacturers boast a lot

B.time is limited

C.the prices are increasingly high

D.our love of speed seems never-ending小题2: What does “the days” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Simple life in the past.

B.Imaginary life.

C.Times of inventions.

D.Time for constant activity.小题3:. What is the author’s attitude towards the modern technology?

A.Critical.

B.Optimistic.

C.Objective.

D.Negative.小题4:. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A.The present and past times.

B.Modern technology and its influence.

C.Imaginations and inventions.

D.Machinery and human beings.

单项选择题