问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文章(文学类),回答问题(15分)

新年的故事

向伟明

不知不觉中走到了一年的尽头,新年悄悄地来临。

除夕的夜空被五彩缤纷的烟花点缀着,一整个夜里都充斥着爆竹的噼里啪啦声,小儿们在欢呼过年,各种辞旧岁迎新春的声音响成一片。

“年年岁岁花相似,岁岁年年人不同”,在老人们的这句话里,我似乎听出了一丝伤感。

大厅上,流泪的红烛一截截地变短,最后终于化为一堆灰烬。夜空中,明艳的烟花释放着它们短暂的美丽。拿着打火机,我去引爆那一串鞭炮,它们会在一刹那间化作满地的碎屑……

那一刻,我仿佛看到了自己日渐缩短的生命,满头的青丝转瞬间变成了雪片,往日的红颜终将老去,心里蓦地滋生着一种莫名的忧郁和悲伤。叹生命短暂如斯,叹命运浅薄如纸。岁月如水,某一天,我也将青春不再。这个新年的钟声,一个声响就是一把铁锤,重重地敲打着我的心。

站在院子里,看满地纸屑纷纷乱乱,看小孩们天真无邪的笑容。明媚的阳光下,他们在谱写着新年的故事。我是在该看风景的时候看人,情不自禁编故事。流年似水,似水的流年,诗一样的情怀。一副红艳艳的春联,一对高高而挂的大红灯笼,都曾寄托着我们五彩斑斓的梦和美好的祝愿。然而,终究会有这么一天,岁月会无情地把我们变老,最后走到生命的终点。

伴随着新年的钟声,回想起了我无忧无虑的童年,漫长曲折的少年时代,从看似遥遥无期的翘首以待,到飞逝如电的光阴走到了这个新年。从前一直都盼着自己快快长大,如今却又开始害怕,我希望自己永远不要长大才好。

记得那年的除夕之夜,我与好友并肩而坐听钟声,在她天真无邪的脸上我看到了春天,那个新年的故事便有了新的起点。于是,我不再有黑夜来临的恐慌和寂寞,一切死寂都与我无缘。可是,岁月最终还是把我们分开,天各一方,许多年来都不曾相见。重游当年那条小巷,环绕我的是无边的黑暗,回首往事,不禁黯然。我们的这条小巷,是否承载过同样的故事?

沉淀所有的心情,回到纯真的最初,离别并不代表永诀,离别只是新的追求的开始。春夏秋冬的轮回,流转青春善变的容颜,注定会将长发飞扬的女孩、神采奕奕的少年和曾经稚气的笑脸,全部留在日渐远去的昨天。

少年时代的梦想,在少年们的怀中依然是沉甸甸,孕育着酸甜苦辣。历经现实的风霜雨露后,残酷的显得那样困乏无助,柔顺的而又那样轻松得意,唯一相同的是每一个梦终究都会醒。

人生的开始也是迈向死亡的第一步,走得快的就早熟早衰竭,我们能做到的只是能走多远是多远,并且尽量使脚步不那么凌乱。我们还年轻,我们还有许多新的梦想新的故事,需要我们去努力去拼搏,我们无须为生命短暂道路崎岖而叹息,我相信这个新年的故事将比以前的更美丽。

生命的意义在于创造宇宙继起之生命;青春的价值不在持久而在闪光。《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中写道:“人,最宝贵的是生命。生命对每个人只有一次。这仅有的一次生命应当怎样度过呢?每当回忆往事的时候,能够不为虚度年华而悔恨,不因碌碌无为而羞耻”。生命真的太短暂也太脆弱,青春韶光很快就会离我远去,但我要走的路依旧很长,在许多事情上我必须明白无悔。

新的一年仍会慢慢临近。我要去买许多鞭炮和烟花来放,我已经有足够的勇气去将它们点燃。我不再恐惧,随时我都可以坦然接受生命的终结。

小题1:文中的划线部分运用了什么手法?这样写有什么作用?(4分)

小题2:作者为什么相信“这个新年的故事将比以前的更美丽”?(5分)

小题3:作者在文中表达了哪些人生感悟?对你的人生有怎样的启发?(6分)

答案

小题1:手法:拟人(象征)。(1分)

作用:表现“我”由看到红烛变短、烟花鞭炮化作碎屑而滋生的忧郁和悲伤(或:表达了作者对生命短暂、命运浅薄的感慨)。(2分)为结尾“我”有足够的勇气燃放鞭炮和烟花做铺垫(和结尾处的乐观情绪形成了对比)。(1分)

小题1:作者先是从蜡烛和烟花鞭炮中仿佛看到了自己日渐缩短的生命,滋生了忧郁和悲伤的情绪。(1分)接下来通过理性思考,认识到了生命的意义和青春的价值。(2分)坚信我们还年轻,还有许多新的梦想和故事需要去努力拼搏。(2分)

小题1:作者感悟:①离别并不代表永诀,离别只是新的追求的开始。②生命太短暂也太脆弱,青春韶光很快就会远去。③生命的意义在于创造宇宙继起之生命,青春的价值在于闪光。④人生要走的路很长,无须为生命短暂道路崎岖而叹息。(3分,任答3点即可。)

作为中学生,我们要正确认识人生,(1分)要努力拼搏,让自己的人生无怨无悔。(2分)

小题1:红烛流泪显然是拟人。看到红烛变短、烟花鞭炮化作碎屑,不免感慨生命的短暂,因些易生发出忧愁、悲伤等情感。

小题1:注意对比写作的内容,前面是伤感,但通过思考,思想有所变化,最后还是乐观的。

小题1:本题为开放题,从生命的意义的角度来分析。人生路长,要自信而乐观的生活。只要言之有理,即可得分。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     People often say that the Englishman's home is his castle. They mean that the home is very

important and personal to him. Most people in Britain live in houses rather  than flats,  and many

people own their homes.

     This means that they can make them individual(个体的); they can paint them,  and change them in

any way they like. Most house have a garden,  even if it is a very small one,  and the garden is usually

loved. The  house and the garden are the private(私人的)space of the individual.

     People usually like to mark their space. Are you sitting now in your home or on a train?have you         marked the space around yourself as your? If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag

on  the seat beside you. If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.

     Once I was travelling on a train to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table      between us .The man on the space on my side of the table at all. I was angry. Maybe he thought that he    owned the whole table. I had read a book about non-verbal communications o I took various papers

out  of my bag and put them on his briefcase! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped(瞪出)out of his head. I had invaded(侵犯)his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in

order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of  the table. Of course,  it is possible

that he just  wanted to be helpful to me!

     If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don't have any private space. Hotel rooms

look much the same in every country in the world. All day long, you share public spaces with  other

people. You see the local people in their private spaces and you feel lonely and "outside". Local people

can create their private spaces by talking about things you don't know about. And you even feel that they

like you to  be outside them so that they will enjoy being inside even more! This is one of the difficulties

of being a   traveler! But if you understand it then it helps you .Haven't you enjoyed being part of a group

and "owning" a bit of space?

1.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because______.

A. he had no place to sit

B. someone had invaded his "space"

C. too many people shared a section with him

D. some other people talked about things he didn't know about

2. "… you feel lonely and 'outside'" in paragraph 4 means that_______.

A. you are alone outside the house

B. you feel lonely because you travel on your own

C. you are alone and therefore you go outside to have some fun

D. you feel lonely and you don't belong to that place or that group of people

3.In Paragraph 4 , the pronoun "them' refers to(所指) "___________".

A. public spaces  

B. private spaces  

C. local people  

D. other countries

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. British people dislike marking their space.

B. You always feel at home in another country.

C. Most British people prefer living in houses to flats.

D. You can't mark your private space in a foreign country.

5.Tha main purpose of the passage is to tell readers to _______.

A. own private spaces by living in houses

B. have one corner of their own in public places

C. realize the importance of "space" in communication

D. create their private spaces by talking with local people

单项选择题