问题 单项选择题 B1型题

吞咽障碍间接训练方法中,"用手指上下摩擦甲状软骨至下颌下方的皮肤,可引起下颌的上下运动和舌部的前后运动,继而引发吞咽"属于()

A.冷刺激

B.口唇闭锁练习

C.声带内收训练

D.促进吞咽反射训练

E.声门上吞咽训练(屏气吞咽)

答案

参考答案:D

问答题 简答题

某监理单位通过招标方式取得了某项目的施工监理任务,监理机构编制了监理规划和监理实施细则。

根据混凝土试块的强度,判定某楼层柱子混凝土强度时,强度等级不足。在监理工程师的指导下,承包商绘制出了如图3-1所示的因果分析图。

监理工程师在该项目的实施过程中遇到了以下几种情况:

(1)该地区地质条件复杂,应业主建议承包商决定将桩基础工程分包给一家专业基础工程公司;

(2)该工程质量要求高,建设单位要求监理工程师要严把主要材料、设备进场的质量关;

(3)建设单位要求严格把好每一道工序的施工质量关,要达到合同规定的质量标准和要求;

(4)建设单位要求必须确保所使用的混凝土拌合料、砂浆材料和钢筋混凝土承重结构及承重焊缝的强度达到质量要求的标准;

(5)在附属道路的修筑过程中,监理工程师发现路基填筑质量没有达到规定的质量要求,监理工程师及时下了暂停施工令,并要求返工。但是,承包商对此采取拖延策略,拒不整改,反而通过有关方面做监理工程师的说服工作而同意不返工,双方僵持不下,持续很久,影响了工程正常进行;

(6)在进行某层钢筋混凝土楼板浇筑混凝土施工时,土建监理工程师获悉该层楼板钢筋施工虽然已经监理工程师检查认可签证,但其中埋设的电气暗管却未通知电气监理工程师检查签证。此时,混凝土已浇筑了全部工程量的1/5。

请完善上述混凝土强度不足的因果分析图;并指出关键因素。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

1.         

     Good communication is vital in modern society. We know that much of the communication is

unspoken. Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and

attitudes. Your good qualities can make good communication. The personal qualities include physical

appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expressiveness of eyes, and the

ability to hold the interest of others. What should we do so that our communication will be effective?

Here are my suggestions.

2.        

     Firstly, the trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change

character from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation with

their close friends, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with

their whole being.

3.        

     Secondly, whether you're talking to one person or one hundred, always remember to look at them.

Don't break eye contact while talking. As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably, then look

directly at those in the room and smile. This shows clearly that you are at ease. Smiling is important. The

best type of smile and eye contact is gentle and comfortable, not forced.

4.        

      You should also absorb other people before showing yourself. You can't learn anything when you

talk. When you attend a meeting, a party or an interview, don't immediately start throwing your opinions.

Stop for a second. Absorb what's going on. What's the mood of the others - are they down, up, happy,

expectant? Are they eager to learn from you, or do they show resistance? If you can sense what's

happening with others, you will be better able to reach them. So, listen before you talk.

5.        

     How do you get your energy up? Before the meeting, collect your thoughts about the goal of the

meeting - yours and the other's. Once you go through the doorway, no longer think about yourself.

Focus on the person you are meeting to find out what he is interested in. Properly collected energy

comes across when we sincerely believe something. When you speak with energy, you are involved

with your audience and your message. You create an air of certainty. The audience may disagree with

you, but they can't question your belief.