问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。(20分)

特 技

[日本]星新一

电视台的新闻广播员,其日,一如往常,刚要播放稿件,竟违背自已的意志,信口开河起来。

“下面报告新闻。发现了一起行贿受贿案件。据报,K企业定期向主管机关的高级官员重金行贿……”

播后,电台内部掀起了轩然大波。有人问他:

“你为什么讲了原稿上根本不存在的事儿?”

“我也不知道,是无意之中说出口的。是脑袋出了毛病吧?”

“脑袋出毛病?真丢人,人家会抗议的。胡诌下去,我们电台就会威信扫地。”

电台里的人都吓得面色如土,广播员也静等着革职。然而,奇怪的是压根没有人打来电话表示抗议。

不仅如此,电台还得到情报说,电台点名的那几位高级官员已经引咎辞职。还听说,对此报道半信半疑的警方,在K企业进行搜查,很快就发现了行贿的证据,立刻逮捕了嫌疑者。

电视台里的气氛一下子变了,肯定播音员第一个报道了爆炸性新闻;赞许的呼声代替了责难。

“真是惊心动魄!你说的全是事实,你是怎么知道的?”

“我也不大清楚。只是这念头在脑子里一闪,就变成话语脱口而出了。”

“说不定这是特技哪。你具有发现暗地违法的能力。今后可要大力发挥你的才能哟,我们电视台的听众,会一下子增多的。”

“哦,但不知能否一帆风顺。”

第二天的新闻节目时间里,这位广播员又胡诌起来:

“播送去年偷税者前十名名单。第一名……”

随后,不仅播放了偷税的金额,还详细地报道了他们偷税的手段。这次又给他说中了。

税务署的人员立刻出动,不费吹灰之力就获取了证据。于是,这个新闻节目大受欢迎,听众和观众不断打来电话,一个劲儿地打气。

“了不起,是大众的战友!用你的特技,毫不留情地把那些坏家伙揪出来,让我们大家心里痛快痛快!”

这位播音员便住在电视台,每天三次上电视,每一次他都报道一条爆炸性新闻,声望越来越高。

但是,接连几天,他的身体便支持不住了,每周都想方设法地请假。他打算回家。可是就在他回家的一路上,不管是谁,一见了他便逃之夭夭。

有的也许骗取了公司的旅差费,是违章乘车的人;装病不上班的、学生时代考试作过弊的、骗过女人的等等,全都有点什么把柄。他们不愿接近这位电视台里最有威信的播音员,也许害怕自己的弊端也被宣扬出去,那就吃不消,因此,尽作鸟兽散了。

他心神不快,总算回到了家。但是,妻子不见了,据说几天前就逃之夭夭。特技即使对她,也毫不例外。

小题1:“特技”在文中指什么?请简要回答。(2分)

小题2:小说中说“于是,这个新闻节目大受欢迎,听众和观众不断打来电话,一个劲儿地打气”,这有什么作用?请简要说明。(4分)

小题3:赏析文中“电视台新闻广播员”的形象。(4分)

小题4:找出文中两处“意外之笔”,并分析其作用。(6分)

小题5:现代小说强调虚构,请从“虚构”的角度,简要赏析本文。(4分)

答案

小题1:主人公具有发现暗地违法的能力。(2分)

小题1:①交代了社会背景,揭示了社会现实;② 与下文人们的躲避形成对比,并深化了主题。(4分,各2分。意思符合即可,有欠缺酌扣)

小题1:电视台的新闻广播员是一个能认清社会黑暗并与之抗争的斗士,他利用“特技”揭露社会黑暗,并一度取得成功;但他又是一个悲剧人物,面对当时社会,他为自己的抗争而不安,想放弃,最终在强大的黑暗势力面前他成了孤独之人。(4分,两个方面各2分。意思基本符合即可)

小题1:示例一:主人公担心自己信口开河报道的第一则爆炸性新闻会带来种种危害,而事实上却得到了许多赞许。其作用是:使故事情节曲折,吸引读者;为下文情节发展作铺垫,推动情节发展。示例二:最后,主人公的妻子也逃之夭夭,他成了孤独的斗士。其作用是:产生强烈的讽刺效果,揭示了社会的混乱和人心的丑恶。(6分,每处3分。找出“意外之笔”1分,分析作用2分。有欠缺酌扣)

小题1:主人公的特技是虚构的,作者采用荒诞的艺术手法揭示生活的真实,表现当时社会的混乱、黑暗、罪恶;同时荒诞手法的运用,具有夸张和讽刺的艺术效果,使主题更为突出。(5分,分析虚构的运用3分,揭示虚构的效果2分。意思基本符合即可,有欠缺酌扣)

小题1:本题针对小说的核心要素提问,学生只要仔细阅读文章,得出结论必较容易。“特技”在文章中出现三次,都是在播音员言中别人舞弊之事以后,可见“特技”一定与此有关,最后一次虽然没有说出什么秘密,不过妻子的外逃正说明,妻子有什么秘密事情发生,她怕丈夫揭穿。因此,综合得出“特技”就是能“言中他人非法勾当的能力”

小题1:分析句段在文章中的作用,应该从两个方面入手:一、内容上有什么作用(揭示主题、抒发情感、交代背景、推动情节)二、结构上有什么作用(领起下文、铺垫、上下文对比、上下文呼应)。首先,这句话暗示了当时社会风气之败坏,听众们打来电话说明,坏人一直得不到惩治,黑幕一直无人敢于揭开;其次,他揭露丑恶的时候,人民奉若神明,而一旦走到身边,则避之不及,这是对比。而且,这再次从侧面显示社会的黑暗,深化了主题。

小题1:人物形象的分析题,历来是设置密度最大的考点之一,一是由于这个考点能看出学生基本的鉴赏能力,二是学生容易入手,三是能看出学生思考问题的全面性和深刻性。人物形象的分析一般有以下几个步骤:定身份——看外表——理行为——析心理。

小题1:首先学生要搞清楚“意外之笔”的意思,就是情节上的突然变化然人出乎意料。这样“意外之笔”就容易排查了。

小题1:围绕“虚构”分析本文,学生一般会停留在故事情节的“虚构”上,而忽略人物的虚构,人物特点的虚构,整体环境的虚构,更深一步,学生可能更难探究“虚构”的讽刺意义以及主题揭示的作用。所以,难度较大。

阅读理解

One day in my class,Maria shared her feelings about money,“Money worries me.I think I want to live without money because I hate it.I HATE MONEY.”We were all touched by Maria's words as they reminded us of the spiritual burdens that money managing can bring to us.After class I offered to help Maria deal with her financial problems.She hesitated to accept my offer,and I could see from the expression on her face that she was afraid of what it might involve.I quickly promised her that I wouldn't make her do more than she was able to.I told her frankly that I didn't enjoy managing my money any more than she did hers and wouldn't burden her with guilt,judgments,or impossible tasks.All I would ask her to do was to let me help her look at her fears and try to make some sense of them.

Maria still resisted my offer,and I can remember the excuses she gave me as they were the repeated complaints I had heard from so many people.“I'll never understand money,”she said.“My facts are meaningless.”“I don't deserve to have money.”“I never have enough.”“I have too little to manage.”“My financial position isn't worth looking at.”and the most devastating one of all,“I just can't do it.”

Going home that day,I couldn't get Maria out of my mind:her attitude conveyed the same negativity and  fear that I believed annoyed many people.I was sure it was this attitude that prevented people from managing their money effectively.My counseling(咨询)has taught me that these anxieties are inseparably connected to our self­doubts and fear for survival.Many of us are terrified of handling our money because we don't believe we can do it well,and to do it wrong would put our very existence at risk.

On a deeper level we know that money is not the source of life,but sense of worth drives us to act as if it were.It locks us up in self­doubts and prevents us from tapping into the true source of our management power,our spirit.

小题1:The underlined word“devastating”in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.

A.convincing

B.interesting

C.shocking

D.valuable小题2:Maria's words moved the author and others because they were ________.

A.in the same financial trouble

B.in the same financial condition

C.of the same family background

D.of the same feeling over the issue小题3:As for money managing,the author intended to tell Maria how to ________.

A.overcome her fears

B.make wise decisions

C.avoid making mistakes

D.learn the necessary skills小题4:Maria wouldn't take the author's offer of help for fear of________.

A.being forced to share her money with others

B.having to do something beyond her reach

C.being found guilty of making impossible errors

D.showing her judgment about money小题5:According to the author,people's anxieties about managing money result from their understanding of money as the only source of ________.

A.life

B.values

C.spirit

D.power

单项选择题