问题 问答题

随着我国经济高速发展,城市大气环境污染已成为影响群众健康的突出环境问题,持续的雾霾天让城市大气细颗粒物即PM2.5走进公众视野,环保部门发布的评价结果与群众主观感受存在差异,民众将PM2.5纳入国标的呼声高涨,推动了环保部门态度的巨大转变:从“监测时机不成熟”的推诿、到删除南京气象公布数据的慌乱、再到如今直面问题采取行动:将PM2.5纳入空气环境质量新国标提前实施,公布监测PM2.5时间表和PM2.5监测数据,把PM2.5防治提上“十二五”规划日程。这种巨大转变背后是社会公众的积极行动,是公民意识逐步觉醒后人们对自身健康权和知情权的主动维护。从淘宝网日销数万口罩,到价值2.5万便携式测量仪热销的“我为祖国测空气行动”和“空气质量指数”三次公开征集意见时社会各方的积极参与建言献策,公众的环保意识已从“被动防御”转向“主动介入”。从民间呼声到国家发力,民众和政府的互动,有效推进了“民主环保”的制度建设。

(1)结合上述材料,从公民角度说明“民意”是怎样促进我国“民主环保”制度建设的。(6分)

(2)党的十八大报告指出:要适应国内外经济形势的新变化,加快形成新的经济发展方式,推动经济持续健康发展。应用经济生活第十课的知识回答:推动经济持续健康发展与科学发展观有何关系?加快转变经济发展方式的措施有哪些?(8分)

答案

参考答案:

(1)本题要求从公民角度说明“民意”是怎样促进我国“民主环保”制度建设的,可以通过公民享有的民主权利和义务、公民民主决策和民主监督的具体途径等角度,围绕材料展开分析。我国人民是国家的主人,公民的权利和义务相统一,公民依法享有身体健康权和对环境保护的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权,同时也必须履行保护环境的义务;此外,公民通过社情民意反映制度、重大事项社会公示制度、信访举报制度、舆论监督制度等依法行使上述权利,热议环境保护并为之建言献策,参与民主决策和监督;同时又履行义务参与环境监测和保护,可以促进政府环境保护决策的民主化、科学化。

(2)本题第一问要求回答推动经济持续健康发展与科学发展观的关系,可以从科学发展观的内涵进行分析;第二问要求回答加快转变经济发展方式的措施,可以围绕创新驱动发展战略、经济结构战略性、城乡发展一体化和生态环境方面展开,实施创新驱动发展战略。推动经济结构战略性调整。推动城乡发展一体化。全面促进资源节约和环境保护,增强可持续发展能力。

阅读理解

When I was a child, I was shocked at the idea that my sisters could be my best friends. Now, I wouldn’t have it any other way. At the time, the idea of my two sisters being my closest friends seemed strange to me. We fought all the time over toys, food, attention, what to watch on television—you name it, and we quarreled about it at some point. How could my sisters be my best friends? They weren’t the same age as I. We all had our own friends in school.

My mother never let the three of us forget that sisters are lifelong friends. Her wish like most parents’ was to give us something that she never had. Growing up as an only child, she longed for (渴望) siblings. When she gave birth to three daughters, the fulfillment (实现) of her dream had only just begun. She had given each of us a gift and she wanted to make sure we did not take that gift for granted. She would frequently tell us how lucky we were. But there were other, more subtle (难以察觉的) ways that she encouraged us to grow closer. She never showed favoritism to one daughter over the other, as not to cause jealousy or bitterness between sisters. She constantly took us places together—skating, shopping and swimming, so that we developed common interests. And when we were teenagers, Mom always punished us equally, giving us yet another bonding (密切相连) experience.

We didn’t always get along beautifully and fought just like any other siblings. But somewhere in between Mom’s lectures, the family vacations and the shared memories, we realized that our mother was right. Today I share things with my sisters that I do with no one else. My sister Cindy and I ran the New York City Marathon together, side by side, even holding hands when we crossed the finish line. When my sister Karen got married, I was her maid of honor(伴娘). Cindy and I traveled through Europe together and even shared an apartment for two years. The three of us trust each other with our greatest secrets.

It was twenty-three years ago that my mother first asked me who my two best friends were. Today she doesn’t have to. She already knows.

小题1:As a child, the author was shocked at her mother’s idea because ________.

A.her sisters seemed strange to her

B.her sisters didn’t like to be her friends

C.none of the girls had their own friends

D.they didn’t have much in common小题2:The underlined word “siblings” in the passage probably means _________.

A.sisters

B.parents

C.daughters

D.friends小题3:How did the author’s mother encourage her three daughters to grow closer?

A.She punished her daughter differently.

B.She showed equal love to her daughters.

C.She encouraged her daughters to do sports.

D.She often took her daughters to many places.小题4:The best title of the passage could be ________.

A.The Greatest Gift

B.Mother’s Love

C.Growing Experiences

D.Unforgettable Memories

填空题