关于生长发育评价方法下列哪项是错误的（）
A.离差法可分为等级评价和曲线法
B.相关回归法既能评价发育水平，又能反映发育的匀称程度
C.发育年龄又称生物年龄，可评价儿童发育状况
D.百分位数法的原理和制作过程与离差法完全相同
E.身高标准体重可反映儿童现实营养状况
参考答案：D
解析：此题以理解掌握生长发育评价基本概念为重点。百分位数法和离差法都是评价生长发育的常用方法，但两者的理论依据并不相同。前者是以百分位数的序位划分发育等级，适用于正态或偏态分布的发育指标；后者则采用标准差与均值距离的远近来划分等级，一般只适用于正态分布的指标。因此，D项说法是错误的。B项所示的相关回归法，由于同时考虑了体重和胸围对身高的因变关系，所以不仅可以反映身体的发育水平，也可以反映身体的匀称程度。考生将此项认定为错误，其原因是没有充分理解该方法的理论基础。
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