问题 阅读理解
任务型阅读。
阅读下面这篇短文。根据短文内容,完成表格中空缺的部分,每个空格不得超过两个单词。 
                                                   Riding the Trans-Siberian Railway
     Last summer, after completing our work in China, I took a trip of a lifetime on the Trans-Siberian
Railway. Leaving Beijing early on a Wednesday morning in July, my wife and I traveled through some
awesome (令人惊叹的) countryside before we arrived in Moscow the following Monday.
    The first leg took us past the Great Wall and through the grasslands of Inner Mongolia. At the Mongolian
Republic border, we had a delay (耽误) while the wheels were changed because the railway gauge is a
different size.
     On our way to the capital, Ulan Baator (乌兰巴托), we saw herdsmen on horseback looking after
their cattle. There was a spectacular thunderstorm as we crossed a vast open plain. Later we had a quick
tour of Ulan Baator.
     Next, the train took us into Siberia. After a stop at Irkutsk, a popular holiday resort (胜地), where a tour
group left the train, we passed a beautiful lake, the Lake Baikal. Later, we saw some lovely wooden houses
in pretty, sunny countryside. This surprised us, as we had imagined Siberia as being covered in thick snow.
     Over the next few days, we passed through Novosibirsk, Omsk and other cities in the heartlands of the
Russian Federation. By now, our body clocks were losing their sense of time. We wanted to sleep and eat at
the wrong time!
     At last we reached Moscow. We were too tired and slept for 16 hours that night. The next day we went
sightseeing. We saw the Kremlin and some other great buildings in the Russian capital. Then, all too soon, it
was time for us to return to our home in London.
Order of visiting
Travel Notes
Place
4
1.                        
Irkutsk
2.                      
Herdsmen, thunderstorm
On the way to Ulan Baator
3.                      
4.                         
Lake Baikal
5.                      
Lovely wooden houses
6.                       
7.                      
Russian cities
Novosibirsk, Omsk, etc.
8.                      
Capital of Mongolian Republic
Ulan Baator
8
Great buildings
9.                       
1
10.                         
Inner Mongolia
答案

1. Tourist / Holiday resort   

2. 2                         

3. 5                         

4. Beautiful lake            

5. 6                          6. Siberia     

7. 7           

8. 3                                                                                                 

9. Moscow      

10. Grasslands 

问答题

对联文化。

宋代诗人王安石在《元日》中写道:

爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暧入屠苏。

千门万户瞳瞳日,总把新桃换旧符。

      “新桃”和“旧符”是什么意思?用现代话说就是春联。春联是对联的一种,我国的春联是怎样发展起来的呢?

       春联作为一种独特的文学形式,在我国有着悠久的历史。它从五代十国时开始,明清两代尤为兴盛,发展到今天已经有一千多年了。 

      早在秦汉以前,我国民间每逢过年,有在大门的左右悬挂桃符的习俗。桃符就是用桃木做的两块大板,上面分别书写上传说中的降鬼大神“神荼(tú)”和“郁垒”的名字,用以驱鬼压邪。这种习俗延续了一千多年。到了五代,人们才开始把联语题在桃木板上代替了降鬼大神的名字。据历史记载,后蜀之主孟昶(chǎng)在公元964年除夕题于卧室门上的对联“新年纳余庆,嘉节号长春”是我国最早的一副春联。 

       宋代以后,民间新年悬挂春联已经相当普遍了,所以王安石的《元日》诗中写的“千门万户瞳瞳日,总把新桃换旧符”就是当时春联盛况的真实写照。由于春联的出现和桃符有着密切的关系,所以古人又称春联为“桃符”。

       到了明代,明太祖朱元璋大力提倡对联。他在金陵(现在的南京)定都以后,命令大臣、 官员和一般老百姓家除夕前都必须书写一副对联贴在门上,他亲自穿便装出巡,挨门挨户观赏取乐。当时的文人也把题联作对当成文雅的乐事,写春联便成为一时的社会风尚。

       入清以后,乾隆、嘉庆、道光三朝,对联犹如盛唐的律诗一样兴盛 ,出现了不少脍炙人口的名联佳对。 随着各国文化交流的发展,对联传入越南、朝鲜、日本、新加坡等国。这些国家至今还保留着贴对联的风俗。

1、补充戏台联。

    上联: 看我非我,我看我,我亦非我;

    下联: 装谁像谁,                                          。(贴心小提示:“亦”对“就”)

2、请你对出下联。

    上联:发愤识遍天下字

    下联:                                                                                      

3、名联赏析,仿例对下面的对联赏析。

     海纳百川,有容乃大;壁立千仞,无欲则刚。

     赏析:这是林则徐书两广总督府衙的对联,是他赴广州查禁鸦片后,在两广总督任上所作。借联来述说自己的胸怀,并以此自勉。全联仅十六字,却气势磅礴,表现了作者磊落的胸襟与刚正不阿、无私无畏的品格。

    有志者,事竟成,破釜沉舟,百二秦关终属楚

    苦心人,天不负,卧薪尝胆,三千越甲可吞吴。

  (贴心小提示:薄松龄屡次科考不中的自勉联,涉及人物项羽、勾践)

    赏析:                                                                                                                                               

填空题