问题 问答题 案例分析题

新建1栋印刷车间建筑,该印刷车间建筑地上2层,建筑高度17m(建筑室外设计地面标高-0.1m),每层室内净高8.2m,耐火等级三级,每层建筑面积均为5000m2,每层均划分为1个防火分区。该印刷车间建筑与其北侧油浸变压器室(地上2层,建筑高度8m,三级耐火等级)之间的防火间距为14m,与其南侧氧气站(地上2层,建筑高度8m,二级耐火等级)之间的防火间距为12m,与其西侧白兰地灌装车间(地上1层,建筑高度4m,二级耐火等级)之间的防火间距为14m,与其东侧锅炉房(地上1层,建筑高度4m,四级耐火等级)之间的防火间距为15m。该印刷车间建筑设有湿式自动喷水灭火系统等消防设施。工程竣工后,对消防设施进行了检测。其中火灾自动报警检测项目共46项,检测结果为严重缺陷项无,重缺陷项2项,轻缺陷项1项。

问题:

1.请确定情景描述中所有厂房的生产火灾危险性类别?

2.除自动灭火系统外,该印刷车间建筑还应设置哪些消防设施?

3.请指出情景描述与现行有关国家工程建设消防技术标准不符之处,说明原因,并提出整改意见。

4.该工程火灾自动报警系统项目竣工检测是个否合格?为什么?

答案

参考答案:

1.印刷车间建筑、油浸变压器室的生产火灾危险性类别均为丙类,氧气站的生产火灾危险性类别为乙类,白兰地灌装车间的生产火灾危险性类别为甲类,锅炉房的生产火灾危险性类别为丁类。

2.该印刷车间建筑还应设置室内、外消火栓系统、灯光疏散指示标志和排烟设施;如该印刷车间建筑设置需与火灾自动报警系统联锁动作的机械排烟系统,则其有关场所或部位就应设置火灾自动报警系统。

3.因为现行有关国家工程建设消防技术标准规定:

三级耐火等级多层丙类厂房与四级耐火等级单层丁类厂房之间的防火间距不应小于16m;

厂房内设置自动灭火系统时,三级耐火等级多层丙类厂房每个防火分区的最大允许建筑面积不应大于4000m2

采用闭式自动喷水灭火系统的厂房,其最大净空高度不应大于8m;

所以情景描述中的有关内容不符合以上规定。

整改意见如下:

(1)把该印刷车间建筑每层均划分为两个防火分区,且每个防火分区的最大允许建筑面积均不应大于4000m2

(2)针对该印刷车间建筑与其东侧锅炉房之间防火间距不足16m的整改措施:

一是把该印刷车间建筑相邻一面外墙改为防火墙后,两者之间的防火间距就可不限。

二是把两座建筑相邻两面外墙均改为不燃性墙体,且无外露的可燃性屋檐,每面外墙上的门、窗、洞口面积之和各不大于外墙面积的5%,且门、窗、洞口不正对开设后,两者之间的防火间距不应小于12m。

三是把两座建筑改造为耐火等级均不低于二级的建筑;

且使锅炉房相邻一面外墙为防火墙且锅炉房的屋顶无天窗,屋顶的耐火极限不低于1.00h;

或使该印刷车间建筑相邻一面外墙的门、窗等开口部位均设置甲级防火门、窗或防火分隔水幕或按《建筑设计防火规范》(GB50016—2014)第6.5.3条的规定设置防火卷帘后,两者之间的防火间距不应小于4m。

(3)设置固定消防炮灭火系统或自动跟踪定位射流灭火系统代替湿式自动喷水灭火系统。

4.该工程火灾自动报警系统项目竣工检测不合格。

因为火火灾自动报警系统合格标准为:A=0,B≤2,B+C≤5%,该项目中B+C≤6.5%,不合格。

单项选择题 A1型题
阅读理解

For decades, families settled on the sofa to share the latest news and TV series, until additional bedroom TV, computer games and the Internet almost put an end to family rows over who held the remote control. Now, however, the traditional living room scene is making a comeback. A study by the communications watchdog Ofcom has found families are once again gathering around the main television set, but they are bringing their pads and smartphones with them.

“The 1950s living room is making a comeback as a family entertainment centre,” said Jane Rumble, head of media research at Ofcom. “We are watching on much better, bigger, and more delicate television sets, but we are coming into the living room holding our connected devices.” While the family are coming together once more, comparisons with the past end there. With a range of smaller screens on hand, not everyone sitting on the sofa shares the same viewing experience.

The coronation (加冕礼) may have drawn the undivided attention of 20 million viewers in 1953, but those watching the Queen’s Jubilee celebrations 50 years later were as likely to be commenting online about BBC’s broadcast as watching it. “Just a few years ago, we would be talking about last night’s TV at work or at school,” said a viewer, “Now, we’re having those conversations live while watching TV, using social media, text and instant messaging.”

It is a behaviour of media meshing(联网), whose influence was underlined during this year’s Wimbledon men’s tennis final. As Andy Murray pushed towards his victory, 1.1 million people worldwide sent an average of over two microblogs about the match.

People use the Internet to enhance their television experience, for example, by reading a newspaper live blog about a football match while watching the action on the main screen. For a huge number of younger viewers, the portable screen offers a chance to do something unrelated, such as online shopping, listening to music or watching another television programme.

Some 70% of 16-to-24-year-olds claim to be absorbed in what Ofcom calls “media stacking” at least once a week. For TV viewers, the Internet scanning is the most popular activity, but they are also calling friends on the phone or sending emails and texts. Surprisingly, 12% claim to have listened to the radio with the television on, and 6% say they have watched another video in the meanwhile.

小题1:According to the study by Ofcom, family members nowadays _______.

A.care more about who holds the remote control

B.share the same programmes in the living room

C.watch better and more delicate television programmes

D.enjoy TV together with various smaller screens on hand小题2: This year’s Wimbledon men’s tennis final is mentioned to indicate _______.

A.so many people worldwide are watching TV

B.people like watching live matches on TV

C.the great influence of media meshing

D.the average amount of microblogs小题3:Which shows the phenomenon of “media stacking” in the last paragraph?

A.People are watching TV while shopping online.

B.People are watching a broadcast of a coronation.

C.The Internet makes people spend less time on TV.

D.The Internet enriches people’s television experience.小题4:The passage is written to _______.

A.describe the changes connected devices bring to TV watching

B.report the comeback of the traditional living room scene

C.show the influence of connected devices on people

D.present the different roles TV plays in people’s life