问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

水、电解质和酸碱平衡失调临床处理的基本原则中,错误的是()

A.充分掌握病史,详细检查患者体征

B.即刻实验室检查

C.确定水、电解质和酸碱平衡失调的类型及程度

D.积极治疗原发病的同时,制订纠正水、电解质和酸碱平衡失调的治疗方案

E.严格按照体液代谢失调相关计算公式计算出的需要量来进行治疗

答案

参考答案:E

解析:绝对依靠任何公式决定补充水、电解质和酸碱需要量的做法是不可取的,公式仅作为补充安全剂量的估计,一般只输入计算量的1/2,然后再根据临床表现和实验室复查结果酌情进行调整。如果将计算的水、电解质和酸碱需要量全部输入,则可能导致不良后果。

选择题
单项选择题

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

                                    A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was  41

along 165 north after delivering to one of his    42   . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.    43    he got closer, he found 44    vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed    45    shooting out from under the    46    vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and    47   the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on    48    and told Larry he had    49    an emergency call. They    50    heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.    51   the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay    52    until the emergency personnel arrived,    53    she thought the car was going to    54   . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move    55    she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man    56    and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the    57    if he was needed or    58    to go. They let him and the other man go.

One thing is    59   —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His    60    most likely saved the woman’s life.

45()

A.flames

B.smoke

C.water

D.steam