问题 问答题

阅读下列材料并回答相关问题。

材料1:近年来,食品安全问题已成为社会关注的焦点问题之一。食品安全问题直接影响着消费者的生命和健康,然而我国目前还没有建立较为完善的食品安全教育体系,公民主要通过电视、广播、网络等大众媒体了解食品安全信息。而大多数食品安全问题都与化学有着密切的联系,因此在化学教学中进行食品安全教育是一个可行的方式。

材料2:2011年9月5日,央视财经频道《消费主张》栏目一则题为“杂味儿的味精”的报道,披露了青岛两家味精厂生产的味精中谷氨酸钠含量严重不足,除此之外,还含有超标的硫酸镁和食盐等杂质。

问题:

(1)在化学教学中进行食品安全教育,体现了义务教育化学新课程的什么基本理念?

(2)材料2的内容能否用于进行食品安全教育?如果能,可以从什么角度切人进行设计,并写出要实现的教学目标;如果不能,请说明理由。

(3)列举两个可以渗透食品安全教育的化学教学内容。

答案

参考答案:

(1)在化学教学中进行食品安全教育,体现了“注意从学生已有的经验出发,让他们在熟悉的生活情境和社会实践中感受化学的重要性,了解化学与口常生活的密切关系,逐步学会分析和解决与化学有关的一些简单的实际问题”这一新课程的基本理念。

(2)材料2的内容可以用于食品安全教育,可以结合“利用化学方程式的简单计算”的教学主题,以设计相应的探究实验来检测味精中谷氨酸钠的含量的方式进行。其教学目标涉及:知识与技能:学会利用化学方程式的简单计算,正确掌握计算的格式和步骤;在正确书写化学方程式的基础上,进行简单的计算。过程与方法:通过对化学方程式中物质间质量比,初步理解反应物和生成物之间的质和量的关系;培养学生按照化学特点去进行思维的良好习惯和熟练的计算技能。情感态度与价值观:认识定量研究对于化学科学发展的重大作用;培养学生严谨求实、勇于创新和实践的学习态度和科学精神。

(3)

①轰动全国的“三鹿奶粉”事件中,不法分子为了提高奶粉中所谓蛋白质的含量,居然在原奶中添加了三聚氰胺。不法分子为何要在原奶中添加三聚氰胺这种化学物质呢?由此引起学生的疑问,从而引出化学中如何利用元素的质量计算物质的质量这一知识点。因为三聚氰胺这种物质中含有氮元素,而奶粉中很重要的一项指标就是蛋白质的含量必须达标,检测部门是通过测奶粉中氮元素的含量来计算出蛋白质的含量从而判断是否达标的。最后进行食品安全教育。

②在讲解“水的净化”的时候,可以引入“市场销售的水产品中甲醛的检测”的问题,进而进行食品安全教育。

选择题
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     Another person's enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person
was my stepmother.
     I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My father   1   me to her with these
words:"I would like you to meet the fellow who is   2   for being the worst boy in this county and will probably
start throwing rocks at you no   3   than tomorrow morning."
     My stepmother walked over to me,   4   my head slightly upward, and looked me right in the eye. Then she
looked at my father and replied, "You are   5  . This is not the worst boy at all,   6   the smartest one who hasn't
yet found an outlet (释放的途径) for his enthusiasm."
     That statement began a(n)   7   between us. No one had ever called me smart. My family and neighbors had
built me up in my   8   as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.
     She changed many things. She   9   my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors.
She moved our family into the county seat, where my father's career could be more  10  and my brother and I
could be better  11 .
     When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand  12  and told me that she believed that I could become
a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, I  13  it had already improved our lives. I accepted her  14  and began to write
for local newspapers. I was doing the same kind of  15  that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and
received the task which became my life's work later. I wasn't the  16  beneficiary (受益者). My father became
the  17  man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college
president.
     What power  18  has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one's purpose and is  19  
strengthened by faith, it becomes an irresistible (不可抗拒的) force which poverty and temporary defeat can
never  20 .
     You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it. This is probably the greatest work you can do
with your enthusiasm.
( )1. A. rushed       
( )2. A. distinguished
( )3. A. sooner       
( )4. A. dragged      
( )5. A. perfect      
( )6. A. but          
( )7. A. agreement    
( )8. A. opinion      
( )9. A. begged       
( )10. A. successful   
( )11. A. treated      
( )12. A. camera       
( )13. A. considered   
( )14. A. belief       
( )15. A. teaching     
( )16. A. next         
( )17. A. cleverest    
( )18. A. enthusiasm   
( )19. A. deliberately 
( )20. A. win          
B. sent       
B. favored    
B. later      
B. shook      
B. right      
B. so         
B. friendship 
B. image      
B. persuaded  
B. meaningful 
B. entertained
B. radio      
B. suspected     
B. request    
B. writing    
B. same       
B. wealthiest 
B. sympathy   
B. happily    
B. match      
C. carried      
C. mistaken     
C. longer       
C. raised       
C. wrong        
C. and          
C. gap          
C. expectation  
C. ordered      
C. helpful      
C. educated     
C. bicycle      
C. ignored      
C. criticism    
C. studying     
C. only         
C. strongest    
C. fortune      
C. traditionally    
C. reach        
D. introduced 
D. rewarded   
D. earlier    
D. bent       
D. impolite   
D. or         
D. relationship           
D. mind       
D. invited    
D. useful     
D. respected  
D. typewriter 
D. appreciated
D. description
D. reading    
D. real       
D. healthiest 
D. confidence 
D. constantly 
D. doubt