For many years, ____ animals for carrying food and other supplies from one area to another has been a means of living in Xinjiang Autonomous Region .

A．trained

B．training

C．having trained

D．to have trained

与药物剂量无关的中药不良反应（）。

A.由药物本身或其代谢物所引起

B.与药物固有的正常药理作用无关

C.常由中药配伍发生相互作用引起

D.常与药物依赖性和成瘾性有关

E.与疾病引起的器质性改变无明显区别