问题 问答题 论述题

分析通货紧缩对经济的影响

答案

参考答案:

通货紧缩对经济增长的威胁:

(1)物价水平的持续下降意味着货币购买力不断提高,消费推迟,抑制总需求,商业萎缩,进而影响就业增长,形成工资下降压力,进入通货紧缩螺旋,最终导致经济衰退或萧条。

(2)物价水平的持续下降意味着实际利率的上升,投资成本变得昂贵,投资项目的吸引力下降,投资减少必然导致经济增长的下降,可能形成经济衰退。

(3)通货紧缩可能引发银行业危机。物价水平的持续下降意味着实际利率的上升,债务人负担增加,使银行不良资产比率上升,银行惜贷,导致信贷供给和需求的萎缩,可能会引发银行业的危机。

通货紧缩对经济的积极影响在于:

伴随经济增长率上升的长期轻度通货紧缩对消费者有利,从而能使社会经济在安定的环境中以一个恰当的速度增长。

(1)如果通货紧缩的形成是由于合理的市场价格竞争.劳动生产率的提高,是有利于经济增长的。

(2)如果科技进步是商品价格持续下降的源动力,此时的通货紧缩显然是经济健康发展的标志。

(3)由于国际市场低价商品的冲击而形成国内通货紧缩,从长期来看,有利于本国的经济进步,提升本国的国际竞争力。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Many people like to travel by plane, but I don't like it because an airport is usually far from the city.

You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off and it is often late. You can't

open the windows. You can't choose the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to go out of the

airport and into the city.

     I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late

for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can

see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time. I also like cars. You can start

your journey when you want to, and you don't need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you

can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.

1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?

A. Because it is fast.

B. Because it is safe.

C. Because you can walk around in the plane.

D. Because it is cheap.

2. Which is not the good thing about the train?

A. It is safe.

B. It takes a little more time.

C. You can open the windows.

D. You can walk around in the train.

3. If you want to take a lot of things with you, what do you take to go out?

A. A bus.

B. A car.

C. A train.

D. A bike.

4. What is the bad thing about the car?

A. You needn't go to a station.

B. You can start your journey when you want to.

C. There are too many cars on the road.

D. You needn't go to a bus station.

5. What does the writer think of the plane, the train and the car?

A. He thinks it takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.

B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.

C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.

D. He likes to take a plane because it's fast.

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