问题 问答题

无尿、少尿、多尿、血尿的病史采集要点

答案

参考答案:

1.少尿与无尿

(1)病因诱因:肾前性、肾实质性、肾后性。

(2)主要症状特征:每天排尿次数及尿量,小便颜色。

(3)伴随症状:是否伴水肿、腰痛、排尿困难、腹泻及高血压。

(4)全身症状:发病以来的饮食、睡眠和体重变化。

(5)诊疗经过:发病以来是否到医院检查过,曾做过哪些检查和治疗,治疗是否有效。

(6)相关病史:既往有无类似病史,有无肝肾疾病、泌尿系统疾病、高血压、盆腔手术史。

(7)有无药物过敏史。

2.多尿

(1)病因诱因:高渗性多尿、低渗性多尿。

(2)主要症状特征:每天的排尿次数及尿量,夜间排尿的次数和夜间尿量。

(3)伴随症状:是否伴发热、口喝、多饮、多食、消瘦。

(4)全身症状:发病以来的饮食、睡眠及大小便情况。

(5)诊疗经过:发病以来是否到医院检查过,曾做过哪些检查和治疗,治疗是否有效。

(6)相关病史:既往有无类似病史;有无结核、肿瘤、肝肾病史;有无糖尿病。(7)近期有无服用利尿药,有无药物过敏史。

3.血尿

(1)病因诱因。

(2)主要症状特征:小便的颜色、性质(全程血尿、初始血尿、终末血尿)。

(3)伴随症状:是否伴腰痛、尿痛、尿流中断、水肿、尿路刺激征。

(4)全身症状:发病以来的饮食、睡眠及大小便情况。

(5)诊疗经过:发病以来是否到医院检查过,曾做过哪些检查和治疗,治疗是否有效。

(6)相关病史:既往有无类似病史,有无尿路结石史、泌尿系统感染史、高血压病史。

(7)有无药物过敏史。

单项选择题

Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and human feeling. (1) of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless (2) on God’s earth. What we should (3) at producing is men who (4) both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start (5) , and their culture will lead them as (6) as philosophy and as high as (7) We have to remember that the valuable (8) development is self-development, and that it (9) takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve.

In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must (10) of what I will call "inert ideas"—— that is to say, ideas that are merely (11) into the mind without being (12) , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations.

In the history of education, the most (13) phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a (14) generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overlade with inert ideas. Except at (15) intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically (16) with inert ideas. That is the reason why (17) clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible (18) of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity (19) greatness has been a (20) protest against inert ideas.

14()

A.succeeding

B.preceding

C.accompanying

D.emerging

单项选择题