问题 综合题

【中外历史人物评说】

康熙帝时,历史天空中折射着落日的余辉,但是几乎同一时期,克伦威尔,盛顿却以利剑划破了沉重和黑暗的黎明。

试概述上述历史人物的主要活动,并指出其后东西方历史发展的走向的差异。谈谈你对“余辉”和“黎明”的看法。

答案

主要活动:(1)加强封建君主专制;巩固国家统一;维护国家主权;巩固统一的多民族国家;开创康乾盛世。

(2)领导推翻封建王朝,建立资产阶级共和国;远征爱尔兰、苏格兰;颁布《航海条例》,建立海上霸权;建立资产阶级军事独裁统治。

(3)领导北美独立战争,赢得美国独立;主持制定《1787年宪法》,创建美国民主制度;致力于美国经济发展;开创美国外交“孤立主义”传统。

差异:中国仍旧继续着封建君主专制统治。欧美则通过革命或战争建立起资产阶级民主政治。

看法:“余辉”表明封建统治盛世中潜伏着危机。而“黎明”说明资本主义正在上升发展之中。

学生首先罗列康熙、克伦威尔,华盛顿在促进各国历史发展过程中的主要史实,从而比较差异,并结合当时中西方的社会状况谈看法。

阅读理解

1  It might understand more than you think. 

A dog named Rico recognizes the names of about 200 objects,say researchers in Germany.  2  Its word-1earning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee.  

In one experiment,the researehers took all 200 items that Rico is supposed to know and divided them into 20 groups of 10 objects.In the tests,Rico got 37 out of 40 commands right.As the dog couldn’t see anyone to get clues,the seientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of certain words.   

In another experiment,the scientists took one toy that Rico had never seen before and put it in a room with seven toys whose names the dog already knew. 4  .

The correct object was chosen in seven out of 10 tests.suggesting that the dog had worked out the answer by process of removing.A month 1ater,Rico remembered half of the new names,which is even more impressive.

Even if they do,they call’t talk back.Still.it wouldn’t hurt to sweet-talk your dog every now and then.You might just get a big,wet kiss in return!

A.The owner then told Rico to fetch the object,using a word the dog had never heard before.

B.Do dogs more understand us than some friends?

C.It’s hard to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say.

D.Be careful of what you say around your dog. E.The dog also appears to be able to learn new words.

F.Then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of the items.

G.Rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog.

单项选择题